美国新泽西州华二代华语传承调查研究

A Study of Huayu Inheritance of the Second-Generation Chinese Americans in New Jersey

对美国新泽西州爱迪生地区和大普林斯顿地区中国大陆新移民子女华语传承状况的调查结果显示,虽然这些新移民散居于当地其他族裔中,大多数华二代明显呈现出从中文到英文的转用过程,但是他们的中文并没有丢失,听说读写四项技能在不同程度上得以保持。在这些新移民华二代的华语传承中,周末中文学校发挥了显著作用,华裔家长及其子女的语言态度和家庭环境的影响对华二代的华语传承则发挥着关键作用。全球化时代,新华人群体不再聚居为华人社区,而是散居于当地其他族裔中,如何借助各种有利因素,发展出新型华语传承模式,使海外华语得到代代传承、持续发展,是当前面临的重大课题。

Language maintenance and language shift among overseas Chinese has received much attention in recent years.Var-ious models and factors have been proposed to describe,explain and predict language maintenance and language shift among this group.This study investigates Huayu inheritance of the second-generation Chinese immigrants in New Jersey.The results show that while the second-generation Chinese Americans are dispersed among other local ethnic groups and most of them ex-perience the process of language shift from Chinese to English,they still maintain their Chinese profi ciency to varying degrees.This study fi nds that the weekend Chinese school plays a signifi cant role in their Huayu inheritance,and their language attitudes and family environment also play a key role.In the era of globalization,the new Chinese immigrants no longer live in a Chinese community,but are scattered among other local ethnic groups.It has become a major issue on how to take advantage of various favorable factors to develop a new model to facilitate cross-generational inheritance of Huayu.