禅籍俗语词选释四则

Study on Four Difficult Zen Words

禅宗文献是研究近代汉语的重要语料,目前仍有不少语词未被现行的语文辞书收录和解释。现对禅籍中的“克由叵耐”“嚬呻”“搀行夺市”“热大不紧”四则疑难词语予以考辨。“克由叵耐”即可恶、可恨义,在禅籍中多用该义斥责有违禅法的行为;“嚬呻”指伸展四肢的通达之态;“搀行夺市”在禅宗文献中既比喻禅师接引学人的高超手法,又转指滥用言辞作略的方便法门;“热大不紧”即十分要紧的事。

Zen literatures are an important corpus for the study of modern Chinese.At present,there are many words which have not been collected and explained in the current Chinese dictionaries.On the basis of literature review,this paper makes a textual research on the four difficult words in Zen books,which are“Ke you po Nai”,“PinShen”,“Chan Hang Duo Shi”and“Re Da Bu Jin”.“Ke you po Nai”means hatred,which is often used in Zen books to denounce acts that violate the doctrine of Zen;“PinShen”refers to the state of stretching one's limbs;“Chan Hang Duo Shi”in Zen literature refers to the superb skill of Zen master in educating apprentices,also the convenient means of abusing words and deeds;“Re Da Bu Jin”means a matter of great importance.