短梗长尾啮小蜂的生物学特性

Biological characteristics of Aprostocetus brevipedicellus(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)

短梗长尾啮小蜂Aprostocetus brevipedicellus是林业害虫的一种重要卵寄生蜂,目前国内外对其生物学特性尚没有报道。本研究在温度25±1℃、相对湿度70%±5%、光周期14 L∶10 D条件下对该蜂的生物学特性进行了观察。结果表明,以柞蚕卵为寄主,该蜂的发育历期为23.58 d,其中卵期、幼虫期、预蛹-蛹期分别为2.73 d、8.96 d、11.50 d;在无营养补充条件下,雌、雄蜂平均寿命分别为2.92 d和1.96 d;单卵平均出蜂量为7.04头,后代雌蜂比为87.49%。该蜂羽化主要发生在白天,日羽化最高峰在10∶00-12∶00,占全天羽化总数的33.33%。此外,成蜂交配行为均发生在寄主卵外,且雄蜂可多次交配,但雌蜂一般只交配1次,平均交配时间为43.60 s。本研究基本明确了短梗长尾啮小蜂的生物学特性,为进一步开发和利用该蜂防治林业害虫提供了理论依据。

Aprostocetus brevipedicellus is one of the important egg parasitoids of forest insect pests,whose biological characteristics are rarely documented until now.Here we preliminarily investigated the biological characteristics of A.brevipedicellus under 25±1℃,RH 70%±5%and a photoperiod of 14 L∶10 D conditions.The results showed that the developmental time of A.brevipedicellus was 23.58 d,in which the period of egg,larvae and prepupae-pupae were 2.73 d,8.96 d and 11.50 d,respectively.The longevity of female and male adults without providing any food was 2.92 d and 1.96 d,respectively.Each parasitic Antherea pernyi egg averagely reproduced 7.04 wasps of A.brevipedicellus,in which female progeny accounted for 87.49%.The eclosion of A.brevipedicellus pupae mainly occurred at the daytime,and the peak period of eclosion was 10∶00-12∶00,which was taken up 33.33%of the total eclosion.In addition,parasitoid adults completed mating outside the host egg,and the mating averagely lasted 43.60 s.Male could mate multiple times,but female generally did only once.These results clarify the basic biological characteristics of A.brevipedicellus,and provide a theoretical basis for biological control of forest insect pests with utilizing A.brevipedicellus in future.