由“孝老模式”向家庭养老制度转变的问题及路径——基于浙江省常山县农村养老服务调查

Problems and Solutions of Transformation from the Filial Piety Pattern to Home Care Mode:Based on Senior Care Survey in Rural Changshan,Zhejiang,China

浙江常山"孝老模式"在建立完善孝老机制、激活家庭养老功能、整合孝老多元力量、凝聚孝老思想共识和行动自觉等方面,为我国农村养老服务可持续发展提供了可资借鉴的经验。但其在实现由"孝老模式"向家庭养老制度转变的过程中仍然面临以下问题:支持家庭承担养老功能的制度手段需要加强,政府、家庭、社会在孝老模式中的职责定位需要明确,农村特殊困难老年群体及其家庭的孝老需求应得到优先保障,孝老文明新风需要深度宣传,等等。提出以下发展路径:完善家庭发挥基础作用的制度支持体系,厘清家庭养老制度中政府和社会的责任,建立对困难家庭养老服务目标群体的筛选机制,推行以孝老文化为引领的基层养老服务新举措。

The filial piety model of Changshan,Zhejiang Province,provides referable experience for the sustainable development of rural elderly care in establishing and improving the filial piety mechanism,activating functions of families in eldercare,integrating multiple forces of filial piety,and building up ideological consensus and consciousness in action.However,the following problems still exist.Institutional means to encourage families to assume eldercare responsibilities need to be strengthened and obligations of the government,the society and families need to be clarified.Besides,needs of older people and their families with special difficulties should be given priority,and filial piety calls for in-depth publicity.In view of this,the following development paths are proposed.Firstly,improving the support system for families to play a fundamental role and clarifying responsibilities of the government and the society in the home care system.Secondly,developing a mechanism to screen target families with special difficulties.Thirdly,introducing new initiatives under the guidance of filial piety to support senior care at the grassroots level.