比较心理对农民工幸福感的影响——基于收入和阶层定位的双重视角

The Influence of Comparative Psychology on Rural-Urban Migrants’Sense of Well-Being:Based on the Dual Perspectives of Income and Class Identity

构建“比较内容-比较理论-比较维度-心理机制”的分析框架,基于2015年中国综合社会调查和省级匹配统计年鉴数据,运用有序Logit回归模型,实证研究收入和阶层定位比较对农民工幸福感的影响。结果发现,农民工幸福感受到收入和阶层定位在横向和期望值两个比较维度的影响,即相对剥夺与隧道效应心理机制是新时代农民工幸福感的重要来源;而收入和阶层定位纵向比较却与农民工幸福感无显著关联。新时代推进以人为本的新型城镇化需要关注农民工不同社会比较心理机制的演变逻辑,促进农民工在精神层面的市民化。

Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey and Statistical Yearbook in 2015,this paper constructs an analytical framework,which consisted of“comparative content,comparative theory,comparative dimension and psychological mechanism”,to study the effect of income and class identity on rural-urban migrants’sense of well-being with the application of the ordered Logit model.It is found that the sense of well-being of rural-urban migrants is influenced by the two comparative dimensions,i.e.income and class identity,and the psychological mechanism of relative deprivation and tunnel effect are important sources of happiness of rural-urban migrants in the new era.However,the longitudinal comparison of income and class identity shows no obvious relevance to the sense of well-being of rural-urban migrants.Finally,the paper puts forward that we should pay attention to the evolution of migrant workers’comparative psychological mechanism in different social environments,and promote the citizenship of rural-urban migrants on the spiritual level in the new era for improving the people-oriented urbanization.