乡村振兴中的城乡空间重组与治理重构

Reconstruction of Urban and Rural Space and Governance in Rural Revitalization

当前,中国乡村发展的一个重要背景是城镇化进程中城乡人口布局已经发生重大变动,实现乡村振兴必须顺应人口布局变动,推进城乡空间重组与治理重构。科学适度的空间布局调整有利于优化城乡发展格局,不少地方已经开展了积极探索,代表性的有山东“合村并居”、江苏“相对集中居住”和陕西易地扶贫搬迁等典型模式。当前,这几种典型模式在规划布局、规模区位、治理重构等方面都凸显出不少操作难题。应对这些问题,要超越村庄调整合并这种局部思维,将城乡空间重组置于农业社会-工业社会、中心地-分散地、崛起地带-衰退地带的相对性结构中去把握。具体措施上,首先要科学确定中心地体系,进而在土地制度、乡村治理、政经分开等方面深化改革。

At present,an important background of China's rural development is that the urban and rural population distribution has undergone significant changes in the process of urbanization.To achieve rural revitalization,we must comply with the changes of population distribution and promote the urban and rural spatial restructuring and governance reconstruction.Scientific and appropriate spatial layout adjustment is conducive to optimizing the pattern of urban and rural development.In many places active exploration has been carried out,such as Shandong s“living together with villages”,Jiangsu s“relatively concentrated living”and relocation of poverty alleviation of Shanxi.At present,there are many operational problems in the planning layout,scale location,governance reconstruction and other aspects of these typical models.In order to deal with these problems,we should go beyond the localized thinking of village adjustment and merger,and put the urban-rural spatial restructuring in the relative structure of agricultural and industrial societies,center and scattered areas,rising and declining areas.In terms of specific measures,we should first scientifically determine the central land system,and then deepen the reform in land system,rural governance,separation of politics and economy.