盾构刀具硬质合金激光表面处理研究现状

Research Status of Laser Surface Treatment of Cemented Carbide for Shield Cutter

盾构刀具由硬质合金刀头与高强度钢基体钎焊连接而成。硬质合金刀头的过早脱落与过快磨损是影响盾构刀具工作寿命的主要原因。激光技术具有节能、快速、绿色、精确自动化的独特优势。应用激光技术对硬质合金进行表面处理,可提高盾构刀具的可靠性。综述了改善硬质合金性能的激光技术,论述了激光处理对盾构刀具性能的改善情况;详细评述了激光织构技术对硬质合金钎焊性能、表面摩擦性能以及涂层结合强度的改善研究;介绍了激光相变硬化技术对硬质合金表面进行处理,提高硬质合金刀具耐磨性的研究进展;最后对盾构刀具硬质合金表面激光处理的发展趋势进行了分析展望。

Shield cutter is brazed by cemented carbide cutter head and high strength steel substrate.The premature falling off and the rapid wear of cemented carbide cutter head are the main reasons affecting the working life of shield cutter.Laser technology has unique advantages like energy saving,rapid processing,green manufacturing and precise automation.The reliability of shield cutter can be improved by laser surface treatment of cemented carbide.In this paper,laser treatment for improving cemented carbide properties was summarized,and its effect on improving shield cutter properties was discussed.Then,the improvement of brazing,surface friction and coating bonding strength of cemented carbide by laser texturing were reviewed in detail.Besides,the research progress of laser transformation hardening to treat cemented carbide surface and to improve wear resistance of cemented carbide tools was introduced.At last,the development trend of laser surface treatment of cemented carbide was briefly analyzed and prospected.