汉语俗字“厾”的来源及相关“投、扔”“指、点”义动词的演变

Origin of Vulgar Chinese Character"du(厾)"and Evolution of Related Verbs Meaning"Throwing"and"Pointing"

依据汉语音韵演变规律,采用方言比较、文献考证、古音构拟等方法梳理了文字层面的俗字"厾"和词汇层面与之相关的表"投、扔"和表"指、点"两个动词的演变过程。"厾"是产生于吴语区的俗字,本义为"投、扔";由于同音关系,"厾"字又常用来记"指、点"义的动词,但此动词的本字实为"(豖殳)"。华北一带表"投、扔"的"□[t?i]",与吴语的"厾"都是来源于上古时期与"投"同源的方言古词□[^(*)teok]。

According to the law of the evolution of Chinese phonology,methods such as dialect comparison,document research,and ancient phonetic modeling are used to sort out the vulgar word"du(厾)"at the literal level and the two verbs meaning"to throw"and"to point"related to it at the lexical level.The Chinese character"du(厾)"is a vulgar character originated in the Wu Dialect.The original meaning is"to throw";due to the homophony relationship,the word du(厾)is often used to mean the verb’s meaning"to point",but the original character of this verb is actually"(豖殳)".The verb"□[t?i]"meaning"to point"in the North China and the Wu dialect"厾"are both derived from the ancient dialect□[^(*)teok]which is the same as"point"in ancient times.