西藏桑耶寺壁画表面烟熏污染物的分析研究

Study of soot on frescoes of Samye Monastery in Tibet

西藏寺庙内的壁画表面普遍存在被烟熏污染物覆盖的现象。为了解烟熏污染物的成分和来源,以便为文物保护作参考,本研究以西藏桑耶寺壁画表面烟熏污染物为研究对象,对烟熏污染物样品进行扫描电子显微镜分析(SEM)、红外光谱分析(IR)和剖面分析。结果表明,壁画表面烟熏污染物的厚度约为80μm,其主要成分为饱和脂肪酸甘油酯或饱和脂肪酸与大量的碳颗粒形成的混合物,环境检测结果表明酥油灯燃烧导致室内环境中的挥发性有机气体及颗粒物严重超标。研究成果可为以后的文物保护提供参考。

It is a common phenomenon that fresco surfaces are covered with soot in temples of Tibet.In this study,soot from a fresco surface of Samye Monastery in Tibet was studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),infrared spectrometry(IR)and cross-sectional analyses.The results show that the thickness of soot particles is about 80μm,and that it consisted of saturated fatty glycerides or saturated fatty acids with amounts of carbon particles.The environmental testing results show that the burning of butter lamps causes volatile organic gases and particulate matters that badly exceed permitted levels.