157例海军陆战队员军事训练伤康复影响因素分析及思考

Analysis and thought of the influencing factors on the military training injuries rehabilitation of 157 Marines

目的分析海军陆战队军事训练伤特点和康复情况,为今后做好特战部队军事训练伤康复工作提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2019年6月至2020年12月军队区域康复中心收治的157名海军陆战队队员军事训练伤的病历资料,参照《军事训练伤诊断标准及防治原则》,分析军事训练伤分类特点和康复效果。结果发生率最高的军事训练伤是骨折,其次是腰椎间盘突出、半月板损伤、韧带损伤、关节脱位/扭伤。训练伤发生率与人员类别相关性不大,但在不同年龄阶段呈现出不同病种分布特点,康复效果与军事训练伤后入院时间呈正相关,开展心理干预指导能够有效改善军事训练伤官兵心理健康状况。结论针对海军陆战队队员的训练特点及康复需求,普及军事训练伤防护知识,规范军事训练伤康复介入流程,采取个性化康复诊疗措施,并实施综合心理干预,可以有效促进军事训练伤的康复,减少因军事训练伤造成的非战斗性减员,保障部队战斗力。

Objective To analyze the military training injuries conditions and rehabilitation characteristics in Marine Corps,so as to provide reference for the military training injuries rehabilitation of special operations forces in the future.Methods The medical records of 157 Marines with military training injuries admitted to a regional military rehabilitation center from June 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The characteristics of military training injuries and therapeutic effects of rehabilitation were analyzed by referencing Diagnostic Criteria,Principles of Prophylaxis and Treatment of Military Training Injuries.Results Among all the military training injuries,fracture has the highest incidence rate,followed by disc herniation,meniscus injury,ligament injury,and joint dislocation/sprain.There was no obvious correlation between the incidence of training injuries and the patient’s type of job;but there were some specific distribution patterns of diseases at different ages.The rehabilitation efficacy was positively correlated with the intervention time of rehabilitation.Psychological intervention could effectively improve the mental health of the officers and soldiers.Conclusion In order to effectively promote the rehabilitation efficacy of military training injuries,reduce the non-combat attrition caused by military training injuries,and ensure the combat effectiveness of the Marine Corps,the following countermeasures are suggested:fully understanding the characteristics of training and the needs of rehabilitation of the Marines,popularizing the know-how to prevent military training injuries,standardizing the process of rehabilitation intervention,adopting individualized diagnosis and treatment,and implementing comprehensive psychological intervention.