华北落叶松人工林凋落物短期管理对土壤养分变化的影响

Effects of Short-term Litter Management on Soil Nutrient Changes in Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation

为了解华北落叶松凋落物管理对林地土壤养分变化特征的影响,本文以苏木山林场华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,在林中设置了凋落物不同处理(堆积和平铺),分析不同处理下0~10 cm土层土壤养分含量变化规律。结果表明:凋落物不同处理下土壤呈酸性,与对照相比凋落物管理下土壤pH值显著下降(P<0.05)。凋落物平铺处理与对照相比,土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量明显提高了19.57%、18.86%、78.37%、38.38%,土壤有机质和全氮含量在堆积和对照2个处理上未呈现显著差异。凋落物不同管理对土壤全磷(堆积>对照>平铺)、全钾(对照>堆积>平铺)、速效氮含量(平铺>对照>堆积)的影响不显著。华北落叶松人工林凋落物进行短期管理后平铺处理效果最好,能够增加土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,对改善华北落叶松人工林土壤性状和维持林地养分平衡有着重要作用。

In order to understand the effects of Larix principis-rupprechtii litter management on the characteristics of soil nutrients,taking Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in Sumu Mountains Forest Farm as research object,setting up different treatment of litter(accumulation and tiling),the changes of soil nutrient content in 0-10 cm soil layer with different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that the soil was acidic with different treatments of litter,and the soil pH value decreased significantly compared with the control(P<0.05).Compared with the control,the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were increased by 19.57%,18.86%,78.37%and 38.38%with tiling treatment,there was no significant difference on soil organic matter and total nitrogen content between the accumulation treatment and the control.Different litter management had no significant effect on total phosphorus(accumulation>CK>tiling),total potassium(CK>accumulation>tiling)and available nitrogen(tiling>accumulation>CK).In general,the tiling treatment of litters in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation after short-term management had the best effect,which could increase the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,and play an important role in improving soil properties and maintaining the balance of soil nutrients.