高技术产业对传统工业的技术溢出效应研究

A Study on the Technology Spillover Effect of High-tech Industries on Traditional Industries

高技术产业通过引导学习、市场竞争、人才流动、专利技术转让以及合作创新,对传统工业产生技术溢出效应。不仅能够直接拉动产出,还将通过作用于传统工业投入要素的产出弹性间接影响产出水平。至于技术溢出效应的大小,受到传统工业的吸收能力和地区产权保护力度的影响。本文基于2010—2016年30个省区市的实证检验结果表明,高技术产业的技术溢出对传统工业的产出具有直接抑制作用,并且通过降低传统工业劳动力产出弹性以及提高研发产出弹性间接影响传统工业的产出。吸收能力和产权保护缓解了技术溢出对传统工业产出的直接消极影响;吸收能力越强,技术溢出对传统工业资本产出弹性的降低越多;产权保护越弱,技术溢出对传统工业劳动力产出弹性的提高越显著,对研发产出弹性的降低越多。

High-tech industries generate technology spillover effects on traditional industries through guided learning, market competition, talent flow, patent technology transfer, and cooperative innovation. It can not only directly pull the output, but also will indirectly affect the output level by acting on the output elasticity of the input factors of traditional industry. As for the size of technology spillover effect, it is influenced by the absorption capacity of traditional industry and the strength of regional property rights protection. The empirical test results of this paper based on 30 provinces, autonomous regions and cities from 2010-2016 show that technology spillover from high-tech industries has a direct inhibitory effect on the output of traditional industries and indirectly affects the output of traditional industries by reducing the output elasticity of labor in traditional industries as well as increasing the output elasticity of R&D. Absorptive capacity and property rights protection mitigate the direct negative impact of technology spillover on output of traditional industries;the stronger the absorptive capacity, the more the technology spillover reduces the capital output elasticity of traditional industries;the weaker the property rights protection, the more significant the technology spillover increases the labor output elasticity of traditional industries and reduces the R&D output elasticity.