助纣为虐:日本商业会议所在中国东北的活动评析

Comments on the Activities of the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Northeast China

日俄战争后,由日本工商业者组成的商业会议所陆续在中国东北各地设立。这些商业会议所名义上作为民间经济组织,但具有强烈依存日本政府的特性。在日本政府的资助和指导下,日本商业会议所利用民间经济组织的身份,不断扩大日本在东北的经济势力,为日本侵占东北服务。随着日本对中国东北侵略的加深,日本商业会议所不断将经济问题政治化,鼓动日本政府对东北采取强硬手段。尤其在九一八事变期间,日本商业会议所主动加入为关东军侵略东北服务的行列,彻底成为日本侵华的帮凶。分析东北地区日本商业会议所的设立、活动及其与日本政府的关系,有助于揭示近代日本在华民间经济团体为日本侵略扩张服务的实质,能够为认识近代日本全方位、多领域的侵华准备,理解日本民间经济组织与日本工商业者如何参与侵华战争等提供一个新的视角。

After the Russo-Japanese War,the Chambers of Commerce and industry composed of Japanese industrialists and businessmen were successively set up in various parts of Northeast China.These chambers were nominally non-governmental economic organizations,yet they were strongly dependent on the Japanese government.With the funding and guidance of the Japanese government,the Chambers of Commerce and Industry continuously expanded Japan's economic power in the Northeast China and served Japanese invasion and occupation.With the deepening of Japanese invasion into the Northeast China,the Chambers of Commerce and Industry continued to politicize economic issues and urged the Japanese government to make hard-line approach in this area.Especially during the Mukden Incident,it took the initiative to join the forces serving the Kwantung Army's invasion of Northeast China,and became an accomplice of the Japanese invasion of China.Analyzing the establishment and activities of these Chambers of Commerce and Industry and their relationship with the Japanese government will reveal the essence of modern Japanese non-governmental economic organizations in China and understand modern Japan's all-round and multi-domain preparation for the war of aggression against China,offering a new perspective to understand how Japanese non-governmental economic organizations and Japanese industrialists and businessmen participated in the Japanese invasion of China.