政治仪式、民族认同与抗战动员--以西北民众献旗为中心的考察(1938-1945年)

The Political Ceremony,National Identity and Mobilization for the War of Resistance against Japan:A Study Centering on People's Flag Presenting in Northwestern China(1938-1945)

全面抗战时期,中国各地政府机关、团体多次组织代表团向抗日将领和国民党要员献旗。献旗成为国难时期的特殊象征性行为,是体现威权体制、民族认同、增强中华民族凝聚力以及抗战动员的有效操演和现代政治仪式。在献旗仪式中,国民党各级官员积极参与,借此强化其“党治”权威,形塑民众对“国家领袖”的个人崇拜,有效建构战时民众、政府、元首以及国家的良好形象,形成了广泛的社会动员与宣传。西北抗战大后方是支援抗战胜利的重要战略回旋空间,民众献旗作为全国献旗的重要组成部分,是西北民众大力参与抗战救国的重要反映,是其国族认同与家国情怀的重要表征,对团结御侮、一致对外,粉碎日本分裂中国以及争取国际援助起到了积极作用。

During the total war of resistance against Japan,the government agencies and organizations across China organized delegations to present flags to the generals and KMT leaders for their resistance.Flag presenting has become a special symbolic act during the period of national calamity.It is an effective exercise and modern political ceremony to show the authoritarian system and national identity,strengthen the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation and mobilizes the war of resistance.KMT officials at all levels actively participated in the flag-presenting ceremony in order to strengthen their“party-governance”authority,shape the people's personality cult of the"state leader"and effectively create a good wartime image of the people,government,head of state and the country,bringing an extensive social mobilization and publicity.The rear area in Northwest China of the war of resistance against Japan was an important strategic space to support the victory of the war.As an important part of the nationwide flag-presenting,the flag-presenting by the people in the Northwestern reflected their vigorous participation in the war of resistance and national salvation.It was a crucial representation of their national identity and attachment to the homeland,which played a positive role in uniting resistance against Japanese invasion of China and seeking the international aid.