中国若尔盖高原湿地生态系统服务价值评价

Evaluation on the Service Value of Wetland Ecosystem in Zoige Plateau,China

利用卫星遥感数据,结合社会经济调查,参考Costanza等的生态系统服务价值评价方法,构建若尔盖高原湿地生态系统服务价值评价模型,定量分析若尔盖高原湿地生态系统服务价值。结果表明:若尔盖高原湿地生态系统服务价值为485.93亿元,单位面积价值为32695.86元/hm^(2),是其直接开发经济价值的24倍。其中,物质生产价值、休闲娱乐价值的具体表现为消费性直接使用价值的合计为31.41亿元,占生态系统服务价值的6.46%;调蓄洪水价值、大气调节价值、水分调节价值的具体表现为非消费性直接使用价值的合计为265.61亿元,占生态系统服务价值的54.66%。由于样本区域的扩大和计算方法的优化,其上述计算结果更具科学性和合理性。从定量分析的角度,通过数据计算而获得的结果可以看出,保护若尔盖高原湿地的生态价值远远高于直接开发的经济价值高。因此,必须从整个生态系统的角度出发,科学合理地保护和利用好若尔盖高原湿地资源。

Using satellite remote sensing data,combined with socio-economic surveys,and referring to the ecosystem service value evaluation methods of Costanza,etc.,the Zoige Plateau wetland ecosystem service value evaluation model was constructed,and the service value of wetland ecosystem in Zoige Plateau was quantitatively analyzed.The results showed that the total service value of wetland ecosystem in Zoige Plateau was 48.593 billion yuan,the unit area value was 32695.86 yuan/hm^(2),24 times of its direct development economic value.Among them,material production value,leisure and entertainment value,which were especially embodied in the total consumption direct use value of 3.141 billion yuan,accounting for 6.46%of the service value of ecosystem,including flood regulation and storage value,atmospheric regulation value and water regulation value,which were especially embodied in the total value of non consumption direct use was 26.561 billion yuan,accounting for 54.66%of the value of ecosystem services.Due to the expansion of sample area and the optimization of calculation method,the above calculation results are more scientific and reasonable.From the perspective of quantitative analysis,the results obtained through data calculation could be seen that the ecological value of protecting the wetland in Zoige Plateau was far higher than the economic value of direct development.Therefore,it is necessary to protect and make good use of the wetland resources of Zoige Plateau scientifically and reasonably from the perspective of the whole ecosystem.