雨生红球藻对骨骼肌及线粒体抗氧化能力影响的实验研究

Experimental study on the effect of Haematococcus pluvialis on the antioxidant capacity of skeletal muscle and mitochondria

目的:通过建立小鼠游泳和大鼠跑台2个训练实验模型,研究雨生红球藻对骨骼肌及线粒体抗氧化能力的影响以及抗疲劳作用机理。方法:选取雄性小鼠和大鼠各32只,每组各8只,将小鼠随机分为游泳训练组(a组)、游泳力竭组(b组)、游泳虾青素组(c组)和游泳红球藻组(d组),大鼠随机分为跑台训练组(A组)、跑台力竭组(B组)、跑台虾青素组(C组)和跑台红球藻组(D组)。小鼠和大鼠按照不同的训练模型分别进行运动训练,训练方案结束后取骨骼肌进行待测样本制备,并测定SOD、T-AOC、GSH-Px、CAT、-SH、MDA、Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase、Ca^(2+)/Mg^(2+)ATPase等指标。结果:与a、A组(训练对照组)比较,b、B组实验动物在力竭运动后,骨骼肌组织及肌线粒体抗氧化酶、ATPase活性和抗氧化物质-SH含量显著下降(P<0.05),MDA含量显著升高(P<0.05)。与b、B组(力竭对照组)比较,补充虾青素和雨生红球藻组(c、d、C、D组)动物在力竭运动后,骨骼肌及线粒体抗氧化酶、ATPase活性和抗氧化物质-SH含量显著升高(P<0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),运动至力竭的时间明显延长(P<0.05)。与c、C组(阳性对照组)比较,补充雨生红球藻组(d、D组)动物的骨骼肌及线粒体抗氧化指标无显著性差异,但运动至力竭的时间显著长于补充虾青素组动物(P<0.05)。结论:补充雨生红球藻可以提高骨骼肌及线粒体的抗氧化能力,延缓运动疲劳的产生,机理与其富含抗氧化成分虾青素密切相关,同时雨生红球藻还含有其他延缓运动疲劳的药用成分,需要进一步研究。

Objective:To explore the effects of Haematococcus pluvialis(HP)on the antioxidant capacity of skeletal muscle and mitochondria and the mechanism of antifatigue effect by establishing two training experimental models of mice swimming and rats treadmill.Methods:32 male mice and rats,8 in each group,were selected,and the mice were randomly divided into swimming training group(group a),exhausted swimming group(group b),swimming ASTA group(group c)and swimming HP group(group d),and the rats were randomly divided into treadmill training group(group A),exhausted treadmill group(group B),treadmill ASTA group(group C)and treadmill HP group(group D).Mice and rats were trained for exercise according to different training scheme.At the end of the training program,skeletal muscle samples were prepared,and SOD,T-AOC,GSH-Px,CAT,-SH,MDA,Na^(+)+/K^(+)-ATPase,Ca^(2+)/Mg^(2+)ATPase and other indicators were determined.Results:Compared with groups a and A(training control group),experimental animals in groups b and B showed a significant decrease(P<0.05)in skeletal muscle tissue and muscle mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes,ATPase activity and antioxidant-SH content,and a significant increase(P<0.05)in MDA content after forceful exercise.Compared with groups b and B(force exhaustion control group),animals in the astaxanthin and Haematococcus pluvialis supplementation groups(groups c,d,C and D)showed significantly higher level of skeletal muscle and mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes,ATPase activity and antioxidant-SH content(P<0.05),significantly lower MDA content(P<0.05),and significantly longer exhaustive time after force exhaustion(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in skeletal muscle and mitochondrial antioxidant indexes in animals in the group supplemented with Haematococcus pluvialis(groups d and D)compared with groups c and C(positive control group),but the exhaustive time was significantly longer than in animals in the astaxanthin supplemented group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Haematococcus pluvialis supplement could improve the antioxidant capacity of skeletal muscle and mitochondriathe,prolong the exhaustive time of endurance-trained mice and rats.The mechanism is closely related to its rich antioxidant astaxanthin.Haematococcus pluvialis also contains other medicinal components to delay exercise fatigue,which need further study.