要素投入对中国工业碳生产率的影响研究——来自Heckman两阶段的经验数据

The Influence of Factor Inputs on China’s Industrial Carbon Productivity:Empirical Evidence Based on the Heckman Model

在清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系建设过程中,中国工业行业作为碳排放和能源消费重要主体,需积极提升碳生产效率,为能源体系建设做出贡献。基于理论分析及Heckman两阶段模型,选取2019年中国工业41个细分行业的数据,构建了工业碳生产率影响实证模型,研究劳动力投入、资本、技术创新、能源消费结构对工业碳生产率的影响方式及程度。经实证,劳动力投入和技术创新显著促进工业碳生产率提升,资本对工业碳生产率无促进作用,能源消费结构对工业碳生产率的影响程度尚不明确。针对以上结论,提出通过培训等方式促进劳动力素质提升,避免劳动粗放投入造成资源错配;推动冗余资本流向人才培养、技术研发;积极开展技术创新等建议。

As an main subject of carbon emissions and energy consumption, Chinese industry needs to actively improve carbon production efficiency and contribute to the construction of the energy system during the clean and efficient system being built. Choosing the data of 41 industrial sectors in China in 2019, this paper constructs an empirical model of the impact of industrial carbon productivity on the industrial carbon productivity based on theoretical analysis and Heckman model to study the impact of labor and capital input, technological innovation,and energy consumption structure on industrial carbon productivity. The empirical results show that labor input and technological innovation significantly promote the improvement of industrial carbon productivity, while capital has no promoting effect on industrial carbon productivity. The influence of energy consumption structure on industrial carbon productivity is uncertainty. In view of the above conclusions, this paper proposes to promote the quality of labor force through training, to avoid the misallocation of resources caused by extensive labor input, promote the flow of redundant capital to talent training, carry out technological innovation and other recommendations actively.