茅洲河流域河流类别及生态修复模式研究

Research on the Types of Rivers and Ecological Restoration Models in Maozhou River Basin

针对茅洲河流域生态环境受到严重破坏和退化的问题,根据茅洲河河流的生境破坏和退化的特点,以改善茅洲河流域现状为目标,在河流生态修复研究和已有成功的工程实践的基础上,选取水文、水质、地貌结构、生物4个一级指标,并筛选12个二级指标,构建河流分类和标准体系,进行系统聚类,分析具有相同特征的河段,针对不同特征类别提出不同的生态修复模式,给出综合性的修复建议。结果显示:将所研究的河流分为5类,根据实际需要和分类结果特征,将所研究河流分为水文-水质-地貌-生物修复模式,流速-水质-地貌-生物修复模式,水文-水质-生物修复模式和流速-水质-蜿蜒度-生物修复模式共4种生态修复模式,占比依次为42%、24%、8%和26%。针对不同的生态修复模式,提出了以恢复近自然的水文水力状态,创建河流自我修复能力的修复建议。

In view of the serious damage and degradation of the ecological environment of the Maozhou River Basin,according to the characteristics of habitat destruction and degradation of the Maozhou River,in order to improve the status quo of the Maozhou River Basin,on the basis of the research of river ecological restoration and the successful engineering practice,this paper selects four first-level indicators of hydrology,water quality,geo-morphological structure and biology.And by screening 12 secondary indicators,the construction of river classification and standard system,systematic clustering and analyzing the same characteristics of the river section,for different characteristics of different types of ecological restoration models,repair recommendations are given.The results show that the river studied is divided into 5 categories,according to actual needs and the characteristics of the classification results,the river is divided into hydrologic-water qualitygeomorphology-bioremediation model,flow-water quality-geomorphology-bio-remediation model,hydrologic-water quality-bio-remediation mode and flow rate-water quality-meandering-bioremediation model.The share stake is 42%,24%,8%and 26%respectively.According to different ecological restoration models,restoration suggestions concerning restoring the natural hydrological and hydraulic state and create river self-repair ability are put forward.