乳腺癌患者健康素养水平及其生活质量的关系研究

Relationship between health literacy level and life quality of patients with breast cancer

目的调查乳腺癌住院患者健康素养水平,并分析其影响因素及其对生活质量的影响,为提高乳腺癌患者健康素养及生命质量提供参考依据。方法采用问卷法:首先找到乳腺癌术后的患者,对其健康素养、生活质量方面进行评估,并用自制的一般资料调查表收集与乳腺癌相关的资料,以研究乳腺癌患者在治疗阶段健康素养的高低对生命质量的影响。选取对象为2019年10月至2020年1月上海市3所三甲医院的乳腺癌住院患者。结果有效调查人数为142例,年龄(49.63±10.77)岁,住院乳腺癌患者的健康素养具备率仅为15.5%(22例)。根据多元线性回归分析,教育程度、个人及家庭收入、家庭从事医疗事业人数均为影响乳腺癌患者健康素养的影响因素(均P<0.001)。乳腺癌患者生存质量总分为(110.580±12.457)分,生理健康状况维度为(23.490±4.024)分,情绪稳定状况为(20.750±4.322)分,社会家庭健全状况为(22.280±4.947)分,功能健全状况为(16.490±5.310)分,附加关注事项为(26.570±3.618)分。乳腺癌患者健康素养与其生命质量均存在极大相关性(均P<0.05)。结论在对住院乳腺癌患者进行健康素养教育时需重点考虑低收入家庭、教育程度低及家中无从事医疗工作者的女性,可以通过提高乳腺癌患者健康素养从而提高其生活质量。

Objective To investigate the health literacy level of inpatients with breast cancer,to analyze the influencing factors and the effects on their life quality,and to provide references for improving their health literacy and life quality.Methods Questionnaire method was used.The patients with breast cancer was selected;and their health literacy and life quality were evaluated.The self-made general data questionnaire was used to collect the data related to breast cancer.The effect of health literacy during treatment on the life quality of the breast cancer patients treated at 3 class 3 first level hospitals from October,2019 to January,2020 was studied.Results A total of 142 cases were investigated;they were(49.63±10.77)years old.The health literacy rate of the patients was only 15.5%(22 cases).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,personal and family incomes,and the number of family members engaging in medical services were all the influencing factors of their health literacy(all P<0.001).The patients'total score of life quality and scores of physical health dimension,emotion stability,social and family health status,functional status,and additional concerns were(110.580±12.457),(23.490±4.024),(20.750±4.322),(22.280±4.947),(16.490±5.310),and(26.570±3.618).The patients'health literacy was significantly correlated with their life quality(all P<0.05).Conclusion When carrying out health literacy education for inpatients with breast cancer,it is necessary to focus on low-income families,women with low education level and without medical workers at home.We can improve their life quality by increasing their health literacy.