二胎产后返岗教师工作压力、心理资本对职业倦怠的影响

Influence of work stress and psychological capital on job burnout of teachers returning to work after second child

目的了解二胎产后返岗教师工作压力、心理资本对职业倦怠的影响。方法采用横断面调查法,2019—2020年使用一般资料调查表、工作压力量表、心理资本量表及职业倦怠量表对在石家庄市妇幼保健院分娩的196名二胎产后返岗教师进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果二胎产后返岗教师工作压力得分为52.16±12.24,心理资本得分为82.98±15.42,职业倦怠得分为65.24±12.72;不同工作年限、职称、月收入、一孩年龄及学校类型的二胎产后返岗教师工作压力得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、工作年限、职称和月收入的二胎产后返岗教师心理资本得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、工作年限、职称、月收入、一孩年龄及学校类型的二胎产后返岗教师职业倦怠得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。二胎产后返岗教师工作压力与职业倦怠呈正相关(r=0.712,P<0.01),心理资本与职业倦怠呈负相关(r=-0.584,P<0.01),工作压力与心理资本呈负相关(r=-0.624,P<0.01)。心理资本在二胎产后返岗教师工作压力与职业倦怠之间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.25,占总效应的37.31%。结论二胎产后返岗教师的工作压力越大其职业倦怠水平越高,且心理资本在工作压力和职业倦怠之间起部分中介作用。

Objective To investigate the influence of work stress and psychological capital on job burnout of teachers returning to work after the second child. Methods Using the cross-sectional survey method,196 teachers returning to work after the second child,who delivered in Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,were investigated with general information scale,work pressure scale,psychological capital scale and job burnout scale from 2019-2020,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of work stress,psychological capital and job burnout in teachers returning to work after the second child was 52.16±12.24,82.98±15.42 and 65.24 ±12.72,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of work stress among teachers with different working years,professional titles,monthly income,age of the first child and school type(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of psychological capital among teachers with different age,working years,professional titles and monthly income(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of job burnout among teachers with different age,working years,professional titles,monthly income,age of the first child and school type(all P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between work stress and job burnout in teachers returning to work after the second child(r=0.712,P<0.01),a negative correlation between psychological capital and job burnout(r=-0.584,P<0.01),and a negative correlation between work stress and psychological capital(r=-0.624,P<0.01). The mediating effect of psychological capital was 0.25,accounting for 37.31% of the total effect. Psychological capital played a partial mediating role between work stress and job burnout in teachers returning to work after the second child,the mediating effect was 0.25,accounting for 37.31% of the total effect. Conclusion The higher the work pressure of the teachers who return to work after the second child,the higher the level of job burnout,and psychological capital plays a partial mediating role between work stress and job burnout.