船舶维修与再制造用Mo_(2)NiB_(2)基金属陶瓷及涂层的制备和研究现状

Preparation and Research Status of Mo_(2)NiB_(2)-Based Cermet and Coating for Maintenance and Remanufacture of Ships

在海洋高盐、高湿、磨损及循环载荷冲击的恶劣环境中,船舶关键零部件易发生腐蚀、磨损和疲劳失效,因此零部件需要进行维修与再制造,如通过焊接或激光熔覆等方法在表面制备一层耐腐耐磨涂层。Mo_(2)NiB_(2)基金属陶瓷因具有高硬度,优良的耐磨、耐蚀、耐高温氧化等性能而成为维修与再制造用涂层材料。简要描述了数值模拟在Mo_(2)NiB_(2)基金属陶瓷研究中的应用,详细介绍了Mo_(2)NiB_(2)基金属陶瓷或涂层的制备工艺以及不同工艺参数对材料组织和性能的影响,指出激光熔覆原位合成结合数值模拟是未来Mo_(2)NiB_(2)基金属陶瓷主要的研究方向。

In the severe marine environment of high salts, high humidity, wear and impact of cyclic loads, the key parts of ships are prone to corrosion, wear and fatigue failure. Therefore, the surface of the parts needs to be repaired and remanufactured, such as welding or laser cladding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant layers on the surface. Mo_(2)NiB_(2)-based cermets have become coating materials for maintenance and remanufacturing due to their high hardness, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and high temperature oxidation resistance. The application of numerical simulation in research of Mo_(2)NiB_(2)-based cermets is summarized. The preparation processes of Mo_(2)NiB_(2)-based cermets or coatings, as well as the effects of different process parameters on the microstructure and performance of the materials are described in details. It is pointed out that the laser cladding in-situ synthesis technique combined with numerical simulation is the main research direction of Mo_(2)NiB_(2)-based cermets in the future.