半封闭环境下高校学生体育锻炼与心理健康的相关性研究

Investigation on Physical Exercise and Mental Health of College Students in Sem-iclosed Environment

目的:调查校园半封闭环境下体育锻炼与高校学生紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁、精力、慌乱、自我感等7项心境水平的相关情况,为高校应对公共卫生突发事件、加强学生心理建设提供科学依据。方法:2020年9月10~14日向上海中医药大学、南京体育学院、上海师范大学天华学院3所高校18~28岁的在校大学生、研究生共1023人发放自定义问卷及简明心境量表(brief profile of mood states,BPOMS),其中有效问卷1006份,回收率约为98.3%。结果:被调查者简明心境量表得分为:紧张(12.83±4.96)分、愤怒(14.00±6.16)分、疲劳(10.54±4.31)分、抑郁(12.22±5.23)分、精力(16.92±4.99)分、慌乱(10.55±4.15)分、自我感(12.88±3.76)分,其中有73.4%、83.1%的同学出现精力下降和自我感缺失等消极情绪表达;每周进行3次以上运动的同学疲劳、抑郁得分均低于不运动或每周进行1~2次运动的同学(P<0.05);所有运动的同学,其精力及自我感得分均高于不运动的同学(P<0.05);根据二元Logistic回归分析显示,精力下降(OR=0.81,95%CI=0.70~0.95)、自我感缺失(OR=0.80,95%CI=0.67~0.96)与高运动频率呈负相关,长运动时间也与精力下降(OR=0.75,95%CI=0.60~0.92)、自我感缺失(OR=0.70,95%CI=0.55~0.90)呈负相关。结论:校园半封闭期间体育锻炼能有效调节高校学生的心理状态,建议高校鼓励并宣传学生在校学习生活期间进行每周3次以上的体育锻炼。

Objective:Objective to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and seven mood levels of college students,such as tension,anger,fatigue,depression,energy,confusion and self-esteem,so as to provide scientific basis for colleges and universities to deal with public health emergencies and strengthen students’psychological construction.Methods:From September 10 to 14,2020,1023 college students and postgraduates aged between 18 and 28 from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanjing Sports Institute and Shanghai Normal University Tianhua College were selected to issue a customized questionnaire and a concise mood scale(BPOMS),and there were 1006 valid questionnaires,and the recovery rate was about 98.3%.Results:The concise mood scale scores of the respondents were:tension(12.83±4.96),anger(14.00±6.16),fatigue(10.54±4.31),depression(12.22±5.23),energy(16.92±4.99),panic(10.55±4.15),and sense of self(12.88±3.76).Among them,73.4%and 83.1%of the students showed negative emotions such as decreased energy and lack of sense of self.The scores of fatigue and depression of students who did more than 3 times of exercise per week were lower than those of students who did not exercise or who did exercise 1~2 times per week(P<0.05).The energy and sense of self scores of all students who exercised were higher than those who did not exercise(P<0.05).According to binary Logistic regression analysis,decreased energy(OR=0.81,95%CI=0.70~0.95),lack of sense of self(OR=0.80,95%CI=0.67~0.96)were negatively correlated with high exercise frequency,and long exercise time was also negatively correlated with decreased energy(OR=0.75,95%CI=0.60~0.92),lack of sense of self(OR=0.70,95%CI=0.55~0.90).Conclusion:It is suggested that colleges and universities should encourage and publicize students to take more than three times a week of physical exercise during their study and life.