学校办学特色的内涵、功能、问题与应然属性

The Connotation,Function,Problem and Idealistic Attributes of School-running Characteristics

基于学校办学特色在学校工作中的地位和作用,开展其内涵、特征、功能、问题和应然属性等方面的研究,旨在形成对学校办学特色的科学认识并充分发挥其应然作用。学校办学特色是学校在办学历史传统、办学理念、办学思路、办学环节、办学举措或具体教育教学和管理工作中表现出来的独特的、优质的、稳定的教育风貌。学校办学特色的特征主要有:独特性、校本性、价值性、历史积淀性、多样性、稳定性和动态性等。学校办学特色的功能主要有:发展功能、教育功能、凝聚功能、纠偏功能等。众多学校在办学特色创建过程中存在着盲目跟风、标签化、形式主义以及忽视实效等问题。需要明确学校办学特色的应然属性:学校办学特色应有意义、有效能、有"获得感";学校办学特色应遵循规范和规律,并体现个性化;学校办学特色应可观测和可操作,利于发挥其作用,并注意稳定性与创新发展相结合。

Based on the status and role of school-running characteristics in school management,the research on its connotation,characteristics,functions,problems and idealistic attributes is carried out in order to form a scientific understanding of school-running characteristics and give full play to its due role.The school-running characteristic is the unique,high-quality and stable style shown in its running tradition,running notion,running ideas,running links,running strategies or the process of teaching and management.The main features of school-running characteristics are uniqueness,school-based nature,value,historical accumulation,diversity,stability,dynamics,etc.The main functions of school-running characteristics are development function,educational function,cohesion function,correction function and so on.In the process of establishing school-running characteristics,many schools have the problems of blindly following the trend,labeling,formalism and ignoring the actual effect and so on.It is necessary to make clear the due attributes of the runningschool characteristics:being meaningful,effective and having a"sense of achievement";following norms and embodying individualization as well;being observable and operable;being conducive to playing its role and with both stable and innovative development.