尘螨滴剂治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎的临床效果及对患儿机体免疫功能影响的研究

Clinical effect of dust mite droplet on allergic rhinitis and its effect on immune function in children

目的研究尘螨滴剂治疗过敏性鼻炎患儿的临床效果及对患儿机体免疫功能的影响。方法随机选取2016年8月~2018年8月我院儿童过敏性鼻炎患儿600例,随机分为2组:对照组,300例,口服盐酸西替利嗪滴剂及氮卓斯汀喷鼻治疗组;研究组,300例,口服盐酸西替利嗪滴剂及氮卓斯汀喷鼻治疗基础上舌下含服尘螨滴剂治疗组,统计分析两组患儿的临床症状评分、用药评分、嗜酸性粒细胞(Eos)计数、临床疗效、免疫球蛋白水平、机体免疫功能、不良反应发生情况。结果两组患儿治疗后的临床症状评分、用药评分、Eos计数均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗前两组患儿的临床症状评分、用药评分、Eos计数之间的差异均不显著(P>0.05),治疗后研究组患儿的临床症状评分、用药评分、Eos计数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患儿治疗的总有效率96.7%(290/300),显著高于对照组83.3%(250/300)(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗后的血清特异性IgE(sIgE)、总IgE(T-IgE)水平均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),血清sIgG4水平均显著高于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗前两组患儿的血清sIgG4、sIgE、T-IgE水平之间的差异均不显著(P>0.05),治疗后研究组患儿的血清sIgG4水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清sIgE、T-IgE水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗后的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均显著高于治疗前(P<0.05),CD8^(+)均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后研究组患儿的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),CD8^(+)显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但治疗前两组患儿的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)之间的差异均不显著(P>0.05)。两组患儿的不良反应发生率6.7%(20/300)、10.0%(30/300)之间的差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论尘螨滴剂治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎的临床效果好,能够有效改善患儿机体免疫功能。

Objective To study the clinical effect of dust mite drops in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children and its effect on the immune function of children.Methods Randomly selected from August 2016 to August 2018 in our children's children with allergic rhinitis of 600 cases were randomly divided into 2 groups:a group of oral west for Leon oxazine drops and azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray in treatment group(controI group,300 cases),a set of oral west for Leon oxazine drops and azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray treatment of sublingual administering dust mites drops on the basis of the treatment group(300 cases)group,and statistical analysis of two groups of children with clinical symptom scores,medication score,counting eosinophils(Eos),clinical efficacy,immunoglobulin levels,the body's immune function,adverse reactions occur.Results The clinical symptom score,medication score and Eos count of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in clinical symptom score,medication score and Eos count between the two groups before treatmen(P>0.05).After treatment,the clinical symptom score,medication score and Eos count of the group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate of 96.7%(290/300)in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group[83.3%(250/300)](P<0.05).Serum specific IgE(sIgE)and T-IgE levels were significantly lower after treatment than before treatment(P<0.05),and serum sIgG4 levels were significantly higher than before treatment(P<0.05).The serum sIgG4,slgE and T-IgE levels of the children in the first two groups were not significantly different(P>0.05),and the serum sIgG4 levels of the children in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the serum slgE and T-IgE levels were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)after treatment were significantly higher than before treatment(P<0.05),and CD8^(+)were significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and CD8^(+)were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),but the differences between the two groups before treatment were not significant(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups[6.7%(20/300)and 10.0%(30/300)](P>0.05).Conclusion Dust mite droplet has a good clinical effect in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children,and can effectively improve the immune function of children.