淮河流域水资源量分布特征研究

Distribution Characteristics of Water Resources Quantity in the Huaihe River Basin

淮河流域人口密度居全国各流域之首,是我国人均水资源占有量最低的地区之一。基于淮河流域水资源公报公布的降水量、地表水资源量、地下水资源量和水资源总量,分析了淮河流域水资源时空分布特点。研究结果表明,淮河流域水资源时空分布不均匀。流域覆盖的省际间降水量和水资源总量差异悬殊,水资源总量安徽省占有率最高,湖北省最少。年际间水资源丰枯交替,直接受降雨量变化的影响。年内各月份地表水资源量极不均匀,汛期各月份总量占全年总量的70%以上,枯季水量最小的1或2月份仅占全年总量的2%左右。

The population density of the Huaihe river basin ranks first among all river basins in the country,and it is one of the regions with the lowest per capita water resources in China.The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of water resources in the Huaihe river basin is analyzed based on the precipitation,surface water resources quantity,groundwater resources quantity,and total water resources quantity.The research results show that the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in the Huaihe river basin is uneven.The differences in precipitation and total water resources quantity between the provinces covered by the basin are very significant.Anhui province has the highest share of total water resources and Hubei has the least.Furthermore,with the alternation of the wet and dry seasons,the inter-annual water resources are directly affected by rainfall changes.The surface water resources quantity in each month of the year is extremely uneven.The total amount of each month in the flood season accounts for more than 70%of the total amount in the year,and the minimum amount of water in January or February in the dry season is only about 2%of the total amount in the year.