人车路径可达性评价方法综述

Review of Evaluation Methods for Accessibility of Pedestrian and Vehicle Routes

可达性是城市规划发展中考虑的诸多重要因素之一。Bill Hillier(1993)指出,60%的人行量和70%的车行量和城市网络模式有关。文章回顾了基于路径的可达性度量方法,主要基于五种视角:空间阻隔、机会积累、空间作用、心理认知和拓扑连接。基于空间阻隔和拓扑连接的两种视角中,均有仅在路径结构性因素影响下的可达性评价方法,从中总结出现有步行路径可达性评价方法,主要有PRD、PCA、矩阵法、空间句法;车行路径可达性评价方法主要有circuity factor[1]、矩阵法和空间句法。

Accessibility is one of the significant factors which are concerned in the process of urban planning.Bill Hillier(1993)pointed out that 60%of pedestrian traffic and 70%of vehicle traffic are related to the urban network model.This article reviews the path-based measures of accessibility based on five perspectives:space separation,opportunity accumulation,spatial interaction,psychological cognition and topological connection.Based on the two perspectives of spatial separation and topological connection,there are evaluation methods of accessibility which are only under the influence of path structural factors.The evaluation methods of walking path accessibility are summarized,including PRD,PCA,matrix method and space syntax.The evaluation methods of vehicle path accessibility mainly include circuity factor[1],matrix method and space syntax.