杏山铁矿中深孔精准爆破技术工艺优化试验研究

Experimental study on process optimization of medium-deep hole accurate blasting technology in Xingshan iron mine

合理的爆破参数优化设计一直是制约中深孔崩落回采成本和安全的难题之一。依托杏山铁矿中深孔机械化装药爆破工艺,采用理论分析和现场试验等方法开展研究。基于岩石力学特性及可爆性,开展爆破区域划分;结合经验公式和工程实践,分区域开展精细化爆破孔网参数、装药结构参数以及起爆方案研究;开展分区化爆破工业试验,优化中深孔精准爆破技术工艺。研究结果表明,试验区域矿石回收率大于60.50%,大块率小于4.5%;优化后的爆破孔网参数、装药结构参数和微差起爆方案,能够满足杏山铁矿大结构参数下机械自动装药精细化爆破要求;针对不同工况、不同赋存环境条件下的爆破开展精细化设计,有利于提高爆破质量。

Reasonable blasting parameter optimization design has always been one of the difficult problems restricting the cost and safety of mid-deep hole caving.Relying on the blasting technology of medium and deep hole mechanical charge in Xingshan iron mine,theoretical analysis and field test are adopted to carry out the research.Based on the mechanical properties and blast ability of rock,the blasting area is divided.Combined with empirical formula and engineering practice,research on fine blasting hole network parameters,charge structure parameters and initiation scheme is carried out in different regions.Industrial tests of zoned blasting are carried out to optimize the medium-deep hole precision blasting technology.The results show that the ore recovery is more than 60.50%and the bulk rate is less than 4.5%in the test area.The optimized blasting hole network parameters,charge structure parameters and micro-difference initiation scheme can meet the requirements of fine blasting of mechanical automatic charge under large structural parameters of Xingshan iron mine.It is beneficial to improve the quality of blasting to carry out fine design for blasting under different working conditions and different environmental conditions.