不同产地巴戟天叶绿体基因组比较研究

Comparison Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes of Morinda officinalis How from Different Habitats

目的以来自道地药材产区规范化种植基地的巴戟天叶绿体基因组为参考,通过对比不同产地巴戟天叶绿体基因组的碱基变异和遗传距离的差异,探讨巴戟天药材的道地性。方法利用Illumina Hiseq 2500测序平台进行高通量测序,利用CMA V1.1.1软件进行分析和组装叶绿体基因组,在基因注释的基础上,比对广东、福建、广西和海南不同产地巴戟天叶绿体基因组碱基突变情况和遗传差异情况。结果与参考基因相比,广东巴戟天群体叶绿体基因组相同,碱基差异数和遗传距离为0;福建巴戟天群体叶绿体基因组碱基差异数为4~16个,遗传距离为0.026~0.126;广西巴戟天群体和海南巴戟天群体叶绿体基因组差异主要为集中在大单拷贝区的单碱基突变和插入缺失突变,叶绿体基因组碱基差异数为71~81个,遗传距离为0.470~0.536。结论优良的种质资源是形成道地药材的重要遗传因素,种质资源包含的特定基因是形成道地药材的关键,该研究从基因水平上证明了广东巴戟天种源稳定,广东巴戟天群体叶绿体基因变异少,显示出广东为巴戟天道地产区具有科学性。不同产地的巴戟天叶绿体基因组碱基存在突变差异,这些差异可以为巴戟天的分子标记、遗传背景、种质资源保护及植物系统发育进化等研究奠定基础。

Objective To explore the authenticity of Morinda officinalis How by comparing the base variation and genetic distance of the complete chloroplast genomes of Morinda officinalis How from different habitats,the complete chloroplast genome of Morinda officinalis How from the standardized planting base of the authentic area is considered as a reference.MethodsThe Illumina Hiseq 2500 sequencing platform was used for high-throughput sequencing,and the CMA V1.1.1 software was used to analyze and assemble the chloroplast genomes.The base mutations and genetic differences of the chloroplast genomes of Morinda officinalis How from different habitats in Guangdong,Fujian,Guangxi and Hainan were compared based on the results of gene annotation.ResultsCompared with the reference genome,the chloroplast genomes of the Morinda officinalis How populations from Guangdong were identical,and the number of base differences and genetic distance were 0.The number of base differences was 4-16 and the genetic distance was 0.026-0.126 among samples from Fujian.Differences between chloroplast genomes of the Morinda officinalis How populations from Guangxi and Hainan were mainly single-base mutations and indel mutations concentrically distribute in the large single copy(LSC)region.Among samples from Guangxi and Hainan,the number of base differences and the genetic distances were 71-81 and 0.470-0.536,respectively.Conclusion Excellent germplasm resources are an important genetic factor for the formation of authentic herbs.The specific genes contained in the germplasm resources are essential to the formation of authentic medicinal materials.This research proves the stable provenance and the population of Morinda officinalis How in Guangdong at the gene level.Barely chloroplast gene mutations of Morinda officinalis How in Guangdong confirms its authenticity.The mutational differences in the chloroplast genome bases of Morinda officinalis How from different producing areas can lay the foundation for the research on molecular markers,genetic background,germplasm resource protection and plant phylogeny and evolution of Morinda officinalis How.