家庭结构如何影响妇女生育二孩——基于QCA定性比较分析方法的研究

How family structure influence women’s fertility behavior for the second child--An explanation based on qualitative comparative analysis(QCA)technique

目的:家庭结构是影响妇女二孩生育行为的因素之一,论文旨在研究家庭结构与二孩生育行为之间的关系,探究妇女二孩生育的影响因素及其组合路径。方法:利用2017年江苏居民卫生服务利用监测数据,采用定性比较分析方法研究家庭结构与二孩生育的关系。结果:三代同堂家庭是本研究中妇女生育二孩的必要条件,家庭成员的支持照料是妇女选择生育二孩的关键因素。家庭结构和其他因素的共同作用,构成了3种影响妇女生育二孩的充分必要条件组合。结论:妇女二孩生育受家庭结构等多个因素的综合影响,主要通过3个条件组合产生作用。在推进二孩政策的进程中,要根据不同的家庭结构,结合不同类型家庭的需要,合理制定推行相关政策,形成二孩政策与其他政策相互协同的政策格局。

Objective:Family structure is one of the most important factors that influence women’s fertility.This research uses the QCA technique to explore the relationship between family structure and fertility to explore how family structures effect women’s reproduction behavior.Method:We used the QCA technique to explore relationships through examining 2017 data which focused on residents’health care use.Result:The result of this research indicate family structure is a necessary condition for women who gave birth to a second child;having family support to look after children is clearly essential.With the interaction of three-factor combinations,women are more inclined to give birth to a second child.Conclusion:In the process of carrying out the two-child policy,authorities need to support policies around maintaining family structure and be aware of the link between family policy and society,making sure the two-child policy to be consistent with other social policies.