青蒿素及其衍生物类药物对疟疾的临床治疗研究进展

Research Progress on Clinical Medication of Anti-malarial in Artemisinin and Its Derivatives

疟疾是一种全球传播和流行的寄生虫疾病,严重威胁和危害着人类的身体健康。据不完全统计每年感染此类寄生虫而发生疟疾者约2亿例,其病死例数近44万例。医药科研人员一直认为,治疗疟疾患者、降低其临床病死率的最有效的办法是"早期预防、早期诊断和有效治疗"。青蒿素是从我国传统药用植物黄花蒿中提炼精制而成的,由于其在治疗恶性疟、间日疟等疟疾中有着比较突出的疗效及其使用价值,已经成为医药科研人员的重要研究对象,经历了几十年甚至几代人的研究,取得了卓越的成效。本文中综述青蒿素及其衍生物类药物的发展进程、青蒿素类药物的抗疟机理、青蒿素类药物代谢以及青蒿素类药物抗疟疾临床治疗等文献,并对其研究进展做了分析。

Malaria is a parasitic disease leading to global spread and epidemic, which seriously threatens and endangers human health. Based on incomplete statistics, there are about 200 million cases of malaria patients caused by this parasite every year, and the number of death cases is nearly 440 000. It’s universally acknowledged that the most effective way to treat malaria patients and reduce their clinical mortality rate is "early prevention, early diagnosis and effective treatment". Artemisinin is refined from Artemisia annua Linn, a traditional medicinal plant in China. Owing to its outstanding efficacy and application value in the treatment of malaria such as P. falciparum malaria and P. vivax malaria, artemisinin has become an important research object of medical researchers. It has experienced decades or even generations of research and achieved outstanding results. In this paper,the development of artemisinin and its derivatives, the antimalarial mechanism, metabolism of artemisinin and clinical treatment of artemisinin have been reviewed,and the research progress of artemisinin has been also analyzed.