东南亚国家发展5G技术的现状与前景

Current Situation and Prospect of Developing 5G Technology in Southeast Asia Countries

东南亚各国高度重视5G技术对本国经济发展的重要作用,着力推动5G技术在本国落地。新冠疫情虽然让部分国家推进5G速度有所放缓,但各国发展5G技术的意愿更加坚定。东南亚发展5G技术拥有丰富的人力资源和广阔的市场,随着东南亚数字经济的迅猛发展,诸多大型信息技术公司看好东南亚市场前景,纷纷加大对东南亚的投入。然而,美国执意将5G问题政治化,在东南亚封锁、打压以华为公司为代表的中国企业,扭曲生产要素配置,将经济、技术问题意识形态化,强迫东南亚国家减少采购中国企业的5G设备。同时,东盟缺乏在5G领域制定规则和制度的政治意愿,不够重视发展数字经济的基础设施,未能通过务实合作抢抓5G规则的制定权,逐步丧失引领区域5G合作的主动权。在此背景下,东南亚各国在5G设备选用问题上,采取了不同策略。一些国家继续使用中国公司设备,个别国家转而使用非中国企业设备,部分国家试图淡化地缘政治竞争色彩。未来,东南亚国家会继续游走在中美之间,从传统的"两边不得罪"的政策取向出发制定5G政策。东南亚国家将加强东盟内部在5G问题上的协作,创制数字时代发展新概念,制定相关规则和制度,在数字基础设施领域引领区域发展。东盟还将以5G合作为契机,加强与中国在各个领域的合作,助推中国—东盟合作提质升级。

Southeast Asian countries attach great importance to the significance of 5 G technology to their economic development,and strive to promote 5 G technology in their own countries.Many large IT companies are optimistic about the Southeast Asian market and are increasing their investment in Southeast Asia as the rapidly growing digital economy in this region.However,the U.S.insists on politicizing the 5 G issue,blocking and suppressing Chinese companies,such as Huawei,in Southeast Asia.By distorting configuration of the productive elements,U.S.ideologized economic and technical issues and forced Southeast Asian countries to decrease 5 G equipment procurement from Chinese companies.Against this background,Some countries continue to use Chinese company equipment,some countries switch to non-Chinese company equipment,and some countries try to weaken the geopolitical factors.In the future,Southeast Asian countries will steer a course between China and U.S.,making 5 G policy based on traditional policy orientation"don’t offend both sides".