中医“司内揣内”概述

Overview of“Observing the Internal to Refer the Internal”in Traditional Chinese Medicine

在中医"守正创新"发展的时代主题下,针对传统"司外揣内"让中医与现代科技相背离以及无法概括"无症状却隐藏着重大疾病"的现状,中医学者需秉承中医思维为主体,积极吸收总结西医观察到的生命现象"司内揣内"发展自身。随着中医从"司外揣内"阶段进入"司内揣内"阶段,中医的藏象理论将在宏观层面出现调整并借此扩展到细胞层面;中医的病、症、证概念则将重构为症是整个生命活动中出现的异常表现,既可以出现在疾病中,也可以出现在健康中;证不光是疾病中的某一阶段病理概括,还包括无病时阴阳将失衡之趋势概括;疾病时间节点前移,"阴阳平衡"也可出现疾病,要根据阴阳的状态和各种症状、体征综合判定健康与疾病,且疾病还包括自身阴阳尚处于平衡但将会导致他人阴阳失衡,对他人健康造成危害;中医的治疗体系将从宏观辨证论治和"中病即止"转变为宏观微观结合辨证论治与"中病中症即止"。

Under the developing theme of"guard the righteousness and make creativities"of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in response to"Observing the external to refer the internal"approach,which makes TCM deviate from modern technology and cannot summarize"no symptoms but hidden major diseases",TCM scholars need to develop themselves by adhering to the main body of TCM thinking and actively absorbing and summarizing the life phenomena observed by western medicine based on"Observing the internal to refer the internal".As TCM moves from the stage of"Observing the external to refer the internal"to the stage of"Observing the internal to refer the internal",the Tibetan theory of TCM will be adjusted at the macroscopic level and extended to the cellular level;the concept of disease,illness and evidence in TCM will be reconstructed as symptoms are abnormalities in the whole life activity,which can appear both in diseases and in The concept of disease,disease and evidence in TCM will be reconstructed to mean that disease is an abnormality in the whole life activity,which can appear in both disease and health;evidence is not only a generalization of the pathology at a certain stage of disease,but also includes a generalization of the trend of imbalance of yin and yang when there is no disease;the time point of disease is shifted forward,and disease can appear even when"yin and yang are in balance",and health and disease should be determined based on the state of yin and yang and various symptoms and signs,and The treatment system of TCM will change from macroscopic diagnosis and treatment and"stopping when the disease when symptoms have been improved"to macroscopic and microscopic combination of diagnosis and treatment and"stopping when the symptoms and syndromes have been improved".