废用性骨质疏松动物模型的研究进展

Research progress of disuse osteoporosis animal models

废用性骨质疏松经常发生在长期卧床休息、制动和失重等环境中,其给家庭和社会带来严重的负担,已经成为医学界急需解决的问题。理想的动物模型对研究废用性骨质疏松症的病因病机、发展过程、积极预防和药物治疗等具有不可或缺的作用。本文将对3类废用性骨质疏松动物模型进行详细论述:即去势法动物模型,包括脊髓切断模型、坐骨神经切除模型、臂丛神经切除模型;固定法动物模型,包括尾部悬吊模型、腿尾固定模型和石膏绷带固定模型;其他类型动物模型,包括药物诱发模型、基因工程诱导模型、冬眠熊模型和联合造模法诱发模型。本文查询近10年文献并进行归纳总结,讨论这些造模的具体方法、优缺点及应用情况。

Disuse osteoporosis often occurs in the environment of long-term bed rest,braking and weightlessness,which brings serious burden to families and society and has become an urgent problem to be solved in the medical field.The ideal animal model plays an indispensable role in studying the etiology,pathogenesis,development process,active prevention and drug therapy of disuse osteoporosis.In this paper,three kinds of animal models of disuse osteoporosis will be discussed in detail:castration animal models,including spinal cord cutting model,sciatic nerve cutting model and brachial plexus cutting model.Fixed animal models include tail suspension model,leg tail fixation model,sleeve fixation model and plaster bandage model.Other animal models include drug-induced model,genetic engineering induced model,hibernating bear model and combined modeling induced model.In this paper,the literatures of the past 10 years are consulted and summarized,and the specific method,advantages and disadvantages and application of these modeling method are discussed.