中药干预骨质疏松症细胞自噬的研究进展

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine intervention on autophagy in osteoporosis

骨质疏松症是多种病理因素共同作用导致的全身性骨代谢疾病,较高的发病率、致残率以及发病机制尚未明确使该病的防治成为棘手的公共卫生难题。随着现代医学对该病的研究日趋深入,发现细胞自噬在骨质疏松症的发生发展中扮演重要角色。自噬作为机体必不可少的细胞机制,通过清除衰老受损的细胞器和错误折叠的蛋白质,以确保实现细胞稳态以及细胞器的自我更新。在骨质疏松症的进展过程中,自噬不仅参与了成骨、破骨以及骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖分化、功能发挥过程,在维持骨稳态方面更是充当了至关重要的调控角色。虽然骨质疏松症与自噬之间的可能联系及相互作用机制不断被揭示,但以此为切入点的药物靶点设计尚未展开。中药防治骨质疏松症优势明显,效果显著,并且诸多研究证实中药可通过激活自噬相关途径来调控细胞自噬水平,在神经退行性疾病、代谢相关疾病、心脑血管疾病及肿瘤防治等研究领域发挥作用,因此有效调节细胞自噬水平已成为中药防治骨质疏松症新的靶向研究策略。本文就中药对骨质疏松症细胞自噬的影响及最新进展进行综述,以期为中药防治该病提供新的理论依据。

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolic disease caused by a variety of pathological factors.The high incidence,disability,and pathogenesis of this disease are not yet clear,making the prevention and treatment of this disease a difficult public health problem.With the deepening of modern medical research on the disease,it has been discovered that autophagy plays an important role in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis.Autophagy is an indispensable cellular mechanism of the body.It eliminates aging-damaged organelles and misfolded proteins to ensure the realization of cell homeostasis and the self-renewal of organelles.In the progression of osteoporosis,autophagy not only participates in the process of osteogenesis,osteoclasts,and the proliferation,differentiation and function of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,but also plays a vital regulatory role in maintaining bone homeostasis.Although the possible connection and interaction mechanism between osteoporosis and autophagy are constantly being revealed,the design of drug targets using this as an entry point has not yet been developed.Traditional Chinese medicine has obvious advantages in preventing and treating osteoporosis,and its effect is remarkable.Many studies have confirmed that Chinese medicine can regulate the level of autophagy by activating autophagy-related pathways.It is used in neurodegenerative diseases,metabolism-related diseases,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and tumor prevention and treatment.Therefore,the effective regulation of autophagy levels has become a new targeted research strategy for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis with traditional Chinese medicine.This article reviews the effects of traditional Chinese medicine on autophagy of osteoporosis and the latest progress,in order to provide a new theoretical basis for traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat the disease.