水玻璃改性聚氨酯用作矸石黏结剂的性能研究

Research on properties of sodium silicate modified polyurethane as binder for gangue

为了提高矸石聚氨酯充填材料的力学和热稳定性,采用异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和聚丙二醇(PPG)为原料,添加水玻璃(硅酸钠的水溶液)及催化剂,通过一步混合法制备出了聚氨酯/硅酸钠复合黏结剂(P/S),通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和热重分析(TG)对样品进行表征,探究了IPDI和PPG添加比例及水玻璃的添加量对复合黏结剂的固化时间和强度性能的影响.实验结果表明,当m_(IPDI)∶m_(PPG)为7∶3,水玻璃添加量为3 g时制备的复合黏结剂的固化时间最短,为11 min;当m_(IPDI)∶m_(PPG)为4∶1,水玻璃添加量为10 g时制备的材料硬度最大,为63.2 HD,与河南永城城郊矿泥岩煤矸石混合后制成试样的抗压强度为6.36 MPa.结合表征结果进行机理分析,推测水玻璃的添加导致聚氨酯分子中引入了水玻璃水解生成的硅醇键,形成了性能优异的硅氧键结构.

In order to improve the mechanical and thermal stability of the gangue polyurethane filling material,isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI)and polypropylene glycol(PPG)as raw materials with water glass and catalysts were used to prepare a polyurethane/sodium silicate composite binder(P/S)through a one-step mixing method.XRD,FTIR and TG analysis were carried out.The effect of the amount of water glass and the ratio of IPDI and PPG on the curing time and strength properties of the composite were studied.The experimental results show that the ratio of IPDI to PPG and the amount of water glass have great influence on the composition and properties of the composite.When the mass ratio of IPDI to PPG is 7∶3 and the addition amount of water glass is 3 g,the curing time of the prepared material is the shortest,which is 11 min;when the ratio of IPDI to PPG is 4∶1 and the addition amount of water glass is 10 g,the maximum hardness of the prepared material is 63.2 HD.The compressive strength of the sample made by mixing with coal gangue from Chengjiao Mine in Yongcheng City,Henan Province is 6.36 MPa.Based on the characterization results,it is speculated that the silicone alcohol bond formed by hydrolysis of water glass is introduced into the polyurethane macromolecular chain to form a silicon oxygen bond with excellent performance.