氯化钙对‘贵紫1号’小麦田间生长和蚜虫发生的影响

Impact of CaCl_(2) on Growth of‘Guizi NO.1’Wheat and the Occurrence of Aphids in the Field

为明确氯化钙对‘贵紫1号’小麦生长和蚜虫发生数量的影响,本试验在大田条件下采用浸种、叶面喷施和灌根三种方式对小麦进行氯化钙处理,比较了不同处理方式对‘贵紫1号’小麦田间蚜虫发生情况和植株分蘖数、株高及理论产量的影响。结果表明:3种氯化钙处理方式均可以明显减少‘贵紫1号’小麦植株上禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)、麦二叉蚜Schizaphisgraminum(Rondani)及麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)的发生数量,田间各处理的小麦植株上3种蚜虫发生量为禾谷缢管蚜>麦二叉蚜>麦长管蚜,其中氯化钙浸种处理的小麦植株上3种蚜虫的发生数量最少。此外,氯化钙浸种处理还显著提高小麦植株的分蘖数、株高以及理论产量。对小麦种子进行氯化钙浸种处理,操作简单方便,对提高‘贵紫1号’小麦自身抗蚜性具有重要意义。

A field condition experiment was conducted that‘Guizi No.1’wheat plants treated with CaCl_(2) by three different methods,including seed soaking,spraying on leaf and root irrigation,and effects of these methods on the occurrence of aphids as well as the number of tillers,plants height and theoretical yield were examinedin order to clarify the effects of CaCl_(2) on the growth of wheat and the occurrence of aphid.The results showed that CaCl_(2) treatments by all three methods could significantly reduce the number of Rhopalosiphum padi(L.),Schizaphisgraminum(Rondani)and Sitobion avenae on wheat plants,with the occurrence of three aphids:Rhopalosiphum padi>Schizaphisgraminum>Sitobion avenae,while numbers of all these three types of aphids were the lowest on wheat plants pre-treated by CaCl_(2) with method of seed soaking.In addition,seed-soaked plants significantly increased number of tillers,plant height and theoretical yield compared with control plants and plants treated by CaCl_(2) with method of leaf spraying and rootirrigation.Seed-soaked wheat seeds with CaCl_(2) is simple and convenient,and which is of great significance for improving the aphid resistance of‘Guizi No.1’wheat.