唐代墓志词语札记

Notes on Epitaphs in Tang Dynasty

唐代墓志中一词多形的现象是较为常见的,要准确阅读一些志文,很有必要掌握一定的俗字规律以及了解一些文字的实际使用情况。“日重日该”或“日该”均令人费解,其实是“曰重曰该”,“重”和“该”均是人名,是“日”“曰”由于形近混用导致。“瞻乌”与“占乌”属于同词异形的现象,“瞻”与“占”有音义上的关联,且通用已久。而“占视”的“察看、观察”义并非源自其本身,而是来自于“瞻”之“瞻视”义。

The polymorphism of the epitaphs in the Tang Dynasty is relatively common.To read some epigraphs accurately,it is necessary to master certain regular rules of the characters and understand the actual use of some characters."ri zhong ri gai(日重日该)"or"ri gai(日该)"is puzzling.In fact,it is"yue zhong yue gai(曰重曰该)","Zhong(重)"and"Gai(该)"are both names of people.It is caused by the combination of"ri(日)"and"yue(曰)"."zhanwu(瞻乌)"and"zhanwu(占乌)"belong to the same word phenomenon."zhan(瞻)"and"zhan(占)"are related in sound and meaning,and they have been used for a long time.The meaning of"seeing and observing"in"occupying"does not originate from itself,but comes from the meaning of"looking at".