上海市嘉定区免疫规划发展演变

Development of planned immunization program in Jiading District,Shanghai

上海市嘉定区免疫规划工作经历了近70年的发展,基本建立较为完善的预防接种服务体系。预防接种门诊经历了4轮规范化门诊建设,日趋科学化、规范化、信息化。培养一批免疫规划专业队伍,疫苗统一订购和配送,配备了足够的冷链设备,并实时监测温度变化。实现接种门诊信息联网,实现了疫苗追溯码、疫苗产品编码、冷链设备编码、接种儿童代码、接种医生代码的五码联动。扩大免疫规划疫苗种类从7苗防8病,到12苗防13病,非免疫规划疫苗种类和数量增加也明显。嘉定区成为上海市首个进行预防接种补偿保险的区县。疫苗可预防疾病得到了有效控制,但非免疫规划疫苗供应不足等问题有待解决,消除麻疹工作也面临一定的挑战。

Planned immunization program in Jiading District has experienced nearly 70 years,and basically established a relatively complete vaccination service system.Vaccination clinics have experienced four rounds of construction,which facilitates scientific,standardized,and informationized clinics.Moreover,it has trained a great deal of public health professionals in immunization program.Vaccines are able to be ordered and distributed uniformly,achieved with cold-chain equipment and real-time monitoring of temperature.Through a networking of vaccination information system,five-code linkage,which means vaccine traceability code,vaccine producing code,cold-chain equipment code,vaccinated child code,and vaccinating doctor code,has been achieved.Vaccines for expanded program immunization developed quickly,from 7 categories for preventing 8 diseases to 12 categories for preventing 13 diseases.In addition,number of self-funded vaccines are increasingly available.Currently,Jiading District is the first district implementing vaccination compensation insurance in Shanghai.Vaccine-preventable diseases are effectively controlled.However,challenges remain in the insufficient supply of self-funded vaccines and thorough elimination of measles.