浙江省嘉兴市居民区地下车库的蚊虫综合防制效果

Effectiveness evaluation of comprehensive measures reducing mosquitoes in the underground garages at residential areas in Jiaxing,Zhejiang Province,China

【目的】观察蚊虫综合防制措施对降低居民区地下车库蚊虫密度的效果,为探索地下车库蚊虫密度控制新模式提供科学依据。【方法】2018年4—10月,观察组通过设立专管人员,将物业管理与灭蚊工作融合、持续清理蚊幼孳生地、适当投放化学药物,开展防、灭蚊知识强化培训与健康宣教等综合防制措施,与对照组(未做干预)进行对比,分析上述综合措施对降低地下车库蚊虫密度的效果。【结果】实施综合防制措施后,观察组地下车库平均成蚊密度、积水蚊幼阳性率明显低于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组地下车库雨水井、污水井、排水沟、截水沟的蚊幼阳性率明显低于对照组,两组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。其中4月份观察组的成蚊密度、积水蚊幼阳性率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】通过一系列综合防制措施,可有效地降低居民区地下车库蚊虫密度,但在措施落实过程仍存在一定阻力,需不断进行优化,以达到更好的现场防控效果。

[Objective]To determine the effect of comprehensive measures at reducing mosquito density in residential parking lot,and to provide scientific evidence for exploring a new mosquito density control mode in parking lot.[Methods]During April to October in 2018,a package of measures were implemented in the observation group,including designating a full-time staff,combination of property management and mosquito eradication work,continual clean-up of breeding ground,appropriate use of pesticide,education and training of pest control knowledge,and so on.No intervention was conducted in the control group.Then we observed the effect of the above measures in reducing mosquito density.[Results]After the implementation of the comprehensive measures,the average adult mosquito density and infant positive rate of ponding mosquitoes in the residential parking lot in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The mosquito positive rate in rainwater well,sewage well,drainage ditch and intercepting ditch in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group.There were no statistically significant difference between the observation group and the control group in the adult mosquito density and the infant positive rate of ponding mosquito in April.[Conclusion]Through a package of comprehensive prevention and control measures,mosquito density in the parking lot at residential areas can be effectively reduced.However,there are still some resistances in the implementation process of measures,which need to be constantly optimized to achieve better on-site prevention and control effect.