“克己复礼”:历史的误解与儒学的正读

“Self-Denial and Rejuvenation”:Historical Misunderstanding and Positive Reading of Confucianism

“克己复礼”是儒家“仁”学的重要依据。在先秦时期的文字语言背景中,“克”字虽然具有“能”与“胜”的多重含义,但在《论语》的文本内容与语境下,孔子原意中的“克”字本义与汉、宋时期儒学的解读出现了字义偏差。后世儒学以“胜”代“能”的有意选择,为宋代理学以“礼”克“欲”的修养论寻找到了历史与经典依据。直至清代汉、宋学术代兴,清人虽然对“克己复礼”做出了文义回正,但没有完全改变传统理学的观点,反映出中国传统儒学的持久稳定性和延续性。

“self-denial and rites”is an important basis of Confucian benevolence.In the Pre-Qin language background,although the word“Ke”has multiple meanings of“Neng”and“Sheng”,in the text content and context of The Analects,the original meaning of the word“Ke”in Confucius”original intention deviates from the interpretation of Confucianism in Han and Song Dynasties.The intentional choice of later Confucianism to replace“ability”with“victory”has found a historical and classical basis for the cultivation theory of Confucianism in Song Dynasty.Until the academic development of Han and Song Dynasties in Qing Dynasty,the Qing people did not completely change the viewpoint of traditional Neo-Confucianism,which reflected the lasting stability and continuity of traditional Chinese Confucianism.