列宁对权利与制度域题有何创新设计?——唯物史观的“幽灵”再次远征

Lenin's Innovative Design of Rights and Institutions:New Expedition of the“Ghost”of Historical Materialism

权利与制度域题既是马克思主义唯物史观在科学社会主义理论发展中的对象化线索,也是列宁主义在革命实践和社会主义建设期的历史逻辑坐标系。在列宁主义的历史逻辑理路中,“诊断”资本主义公共权利和社会制度弊病以指向“东方模式”新道路,既是对资本主义和封建主义所有制的否定,也是对俄国公共权利与社会主义制度“新大陆”的重构。列宁具有历史辩证性的政治设计和国家治理革命实践促成了社会主义制度及公共权利机制俄国化“落地”,不仅确保了集体财产和国家权力的公共属性,更使社会正义和历史正义具有可操作性。回顾苏联权利与制度的历史属性和设计初衷,既是还原历史真相,更是中国面对“第二个百年奋斗”新征程语境下的政治哲学启示。

The topic of rights and systems is the objective clue of Marxist historical materialism in the development of scientific socialism theory as well as the historical logical coordinate system of Leninism in revolutionary practice and socialist construction.In the historical logic of Leninism,“diagnosing”the defects of capitalist public rights and social system to point to the new road of“Oriental model”is not only the negation of capitalist and feudal ownership,but also the reconstruction of Russian public rights and the“new continent”of socialist system.History has proved that Lenin's historical and dialectical political design and revolutionary practice of national governance contributed to the“landing”of the Russian Socialist System and public rights mechanism,which not only ensured the public attribute of collective property and state power,but also made social justice and historical justice operable.A review of the historical attribute and original intention of the Soviet Union's right and system is restoration of the historical truth,which offers enlightenment to China's political philosophy in the context of the new journey of“the second centenary struggle”.