红河哈尼梯田“稻作—灌溉”系统的地方性知识生产与区域性生态担当研究

Study on Local Knowledge Production and Regional Ecological Responsibility of“Rice-Irrigation”System in Honghe Hani Terraces

云南红河哈尼梯田“稻作—灌溉”系统,是当地七种世居民族与自然共生演替的集体生态智慧结晶。在1300余年间围绕稻作和灌溉两大主题的生产实践过程中,当地民族经历了早期创建出敬畏和顺应自然的人地共生、自然和合的生计知识,到逐步形成通过集体配置提升对自然资源管理的有效性,不断构建并完善着适应生态变迁、适宜各民族生存发展需求、均衡可持续梯田农耕知识体系的过程。目前,“遗产”名录和生态文化符号不仅赋值强化了梯田农耕民族对地方性知识体系的“文化自信”,而且正在唤醒他们筑牢生态安全屏障的“文化自觉”。传统梯田稻作农耕知识系统在新时代的重构,为当地民族融入和服务国家生态文明建设叙事主旋律,发挥区域性生态担当正在发挥积极作用。

The“rice farming-irrigation”system of Hani Terraces in Honghe County,Yunnan Province,is the collective ecological wisdom crystallization of the symbiotic succession between seven local ethnic groups and nature.Over the course of more than 1,300 years of production practices centered on the two major themes of rice farming and irrigation,the local ethnic groups have experienced the early creation of the knowledge of the coexistence of man and earth and the harmony of nature in reverence and compliance with nature and later the formation of the effective management of natural resources through collective allocation have gradually.And finally a balanced and sustainable farming knowledge system of terraced fields is being constructed and perfected gradually that adapts to ecological changes,suitable for the survival and development needs of all ethnic groups.At present,the list of“heritage”and the ecological cultural symbols have not only strengthened the“cultural confidence”of terraced farming people on the local knowledge system,but also are awakening their“cultural consciousness”to establishing an ecological safety barrier.The reconstruction of traditional rice farming knowledge system in terraces fields in the new era is playing a positive role in integrating local ethnic groups,serving the narrative theme of national ecological civilization construction,and playing the role of regional producers.