针对慢性非传染性呼吸系统疾病的绿色空间定量研究进展

Quantitative Research Progress on Green Spaces for Chronic Non-Communicable Respiratory Diseases

促进呼吸健康是城市绿色空间的重要作用,但其效应存在不一致性,有待深入探讨。基于Web of Science核心数据库,回顾2000年以来绿色空间与呼吸健康的相关性实证研究,从区域特征、空间尺度、人口属性三个维度分析比较已有结论的差异,并从绿色暴露评估方法、绿色空间的影响路径和中介变量两个角度剖析研究结论不一致的潜在原因。研究发现,不同区域属性、空间尺度和人群年龄之间的结论存在差异。首先,选取不同的绿色暴露测度方法是导致不同空间尺度下研究结论不一致的潜在原因;其次,受到多个影响路径和中介变量的影响,绿色空间同时具有正负影响效应且难以判断其抵消作用造成了不同地理区域之间、城乡环境之间的结论差异;此外,在以体力活动为中介变量的影响路径中,由于体力活动强度不同带来的呼吸健康促进效应不同可能是年龄群体之间具有差异性的原因。针对研究争议与难点,提出未来的研究应升级完善不同空间尺度下的绿色暴露测度方法,增加其评估的准确性,还要进一步促进聚合性研究的展开。另一方面,应加强以体力活动为中介变量的机制研究,从数据采集、变量选取和研究设计等方面逐步优化,为深入探讨绿色空间对呼吸健康的促进机制奠定基础。

An important role of urban green space is to promote respiratory health.However,the promotion effects are inconsistent and need to be further explored.Using the Web of Science database,this study reviewed empirical studies on the correlation between green space and respiratory health published since 2000.The conclusions were analysed and compared from the perspectives of regional characteristics,spatial scale,and population attributes.Moreover,the potential reasons for the inconsistencies in the research conclusions are discussed based on the green exposure assessment method,impacting path,and mediating variables.The study found that there are differences in conclusions among different regional attributes,spatial scales and the age of the population.Firstly,different green exposure measurement methods are the potential reasons for inconsistent research conclusions at different spatial scales;secondly,due to the influence of multiple influence paths and mediating variables,green space has both positive and negative effects,and it is difficult to judge its offsetting effect,resulting in the conclusion differences between different geographical regions and between urban and rural environments;In addition,in the influential path with physical activity as the mediating variable,the difference in respiratory health promotion effects caused by different physical activity intensity may be the reason for the difference between age groups.In response to the research inconsistencies and difficulties,it is suggested that future studies need to utilize improved green exposure measurement methods at different spatial scales to increase evaluation accuracy and promote the development of cohesive research.Moreover,further comprehensive studies on the mechanism of physical activity as the mediating variable are needed,with optimization of data collection approach,variable selection,and research design.The application of these improvements in future research could lay the foundation for in-depth exploration of the mechanisms underlying the effect of green space on the promotion of human respiratory health.