基于GIS技术的疫情防控应用综述

Application of epidemic prevention and control based on GIS technology

新冠肺炎疫情突如其来,烈度强、传播快、覆盖广、危害大,成为继非典(SARS)之后我国面临的又一次更直接、更严峻、更艰苦的考验。各地纷纷启动重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应,积极借助GIS技术手段开展疫情防控。文章针对疫情数据空间可视化与分析、疫情期间人员管理、疫情物流管理3个方面,综合论述GIS技术在疫情防控中的应用及其发挥的重要作用。具体包括疫情时空特征分析、流行病疫情扩散风险制图、疫情发展过程可视化与分析技术、小区疫情地图、疫情健康码、人员行动轨迹、公安防疫系统、新冠智能体仿真模型、境外输入病例管理、保障物资供应、物流信息系统、第三方物流等多项内容。

COVID-19 epidemic came suddenly.Its intensity is strong,spread is fast,coverage is wide,harm is great,and it has become another more direct,severer and more arduous test after SARS.Governments around the country have activated first-level public health emergency response,actively conduct epidemic prevention and control with the help of GIS technology.In this paper,the application of GIS technology in epidemic prevention and control and its important role in epidemic data space visualization and analysis,personnel management during epidemic and logistics management are discussed.It includes epidemic space-time characteristic analysis,epidemic diffusion risk mapping,epidemic development process visualization and analysis technology,neighbourhood epidemic map,epidemic health code,personnel movement track,public security epidemic prevention system,COVID-19 agent simulation model,overseas input case management,guarantee material supply,logistics information system,third-party logistics and so on.