铝合金车轮低压铸造冷却方法综述

Summary of Cooling Methods for Low Pressure Casting of Aluminum Alloy Wheels

铝合金车轮相比钢制车轮具有密度小、热导率高、时尚美观等优势。在铝合金车轮低压铸造过程中,由于受到产品结构多样化等方面因素的影响,使铝液冷却过程不能实现顺序凝固,从而导致铸件出现缩孔、缩松等不良,无法满足产品质量性能要求。因此,在模具上针对不同产品设计不同冷却结构、不同的冷却介质,有效提高模具的冷却效率,最终实现铸件的顺序凝固。本文主要通过对铝合金车轮低压铸造不同冷却介质和不同冷却结构设计的优缺点进行详细阐述和分析,为铝合金轮毂的低压铸造模具设计提供参考依据或设计标准。

Compared with steel wheels,aluminum alloy wheels have the advantages of low density,high thermal conductivity,good shock absorbability,strong plasticity,good corrosion resistance and stylish beautiful.In the process of producing low-pressure casting aluminum wheels,due to the influence of product structure diversification and other factors,aluminum liquid cooling process can not achieve sequential solidification,which leads to the defects such as shrinks and porosity,that can not meet production quality and performance requirements of the products.Therefore,different cooling structures and cooling media are designed for different products on the mold,to achieve the cooling efficiency corresponding to different heat sections in each part of the mold,and eventual aim is make the castings been sequence solidified.This paper mainly elaborates and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different cooling mediums and different cooling structure designs for low-pressure casting aluminum alloy wheels,and provides reference basis or design standards for the design of low-pressure casting molds for aluminum alloy wheels.