粤港澳大湾区土地覆盖及景观格局时空变化分析

Analysis of spatio-temporal changes of land cover and landscape pattern in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

粤港澳大湾区已成为世界级城市群为目标的特大城市群。本文利用多期遥感数据,并结合景观格局指数研究大湾区2000—2020年的发展规律。结果表明:(1)大湾区主要的土地覆盖类型为林地、耕地与居住及建设用地,3种地类总占比多年来均在80%以上;(2)大湾区的居住及建设用地在20年间增长了115.21%,面积达到9 183.47 km^(2),是大湾区内面积增长最多、变化速率最快的用地类型;(3)大湾区内的景观格局破碎度、斑块密度不断降低,景观聚集度与景观丰富程度不断升高,区域景观格局分布状况日趋合理。

Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is a mega-city cluster with the goal of becoming a world-class city cluster. Multiple periods of remote sensing data and the landscape pattern index are used to find the development law of the Greater Bay Area from 2000 to 2020 in this paper. The results show that:(1)The main land cover types in the Greater Bay Area are forest land, arable land, and residential and construction land. The total proportion of the three types of land is more than 80% for many years.(2)The residential and construction land in the Greater Bay Area is increased by 115.21% in 20 years with the area growing to 9 183.47 km^(2), which is the land type with the largest area growth and the fastest rate of change in the Greater Bay Area.(3)The fragmentation and patch density of the landscape pattern in the Greater Bay Area is decreasing continuously. The degree of landscape aggregation and landscape abundance is increasing. The distribution of regional landscape patterns is becoming increasingly rational.