贵州省2型糖尿病和糖尿病前期流行现状及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes in Guizhou Province

目的了解贵州省2型糖尿病流行现状及影响因素,为2型糖尿病防治策略的制定提供依据。方法于2018年11—12月采取多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取贵州省8个县(区)18岁及以上居民共4 849人进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用SPSS 21.0进行χ^(2)检验、趋势χ^(2)检验,糖尿病前期和2型糖尿病患病影响因素采用多因素logistic回归进行分析。结果贵州省18岁及以上居民2型糖尿病患病率为9.2%,糖尿病前期患病率为14.2%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄(与18-44岁人群相比,45-59岁人群OR=2.075,95%CI:1.578-2.728;≥60岁人群OR=2.570,95%CI:1.943-3.400)、高尿酸血症(OR=1.375,95%CI:1.119-1.689)、睡眠不足(OR=1.425,95%CI:1.116-1.821)、血脂异常(OR=1.453,95%CI:1.216-1.736)、超重(OR=1.415,95%CI:1.156-1.733)、肥胖(OR=2.248,95%CI:1.750-2.887)、高血压(OR=1.946,95%CI:1.586-2.388)、每日红肉摄入过量(OR=1.329,95%CI:1.063-1.660)、静息心率过快(OR=2.084,95%CI:1.516-2.864)与2型糖尿病患病高风险相关(P<0.05)。高龄(与18-44岁人群相比,45-59岁人群OR=1.504,95%CI:1.208-1.873;≥60岁人群OR=1.647,95%CI:1.324-2.049)、高尿酸血症(OR=1.246,95%CI:1.024-1.516)、超重(OR=1.257,95%CI:1.051-1.504)、肥胖(OR=1.434,95%CI:1.125-1.829)与糖尿病前期患病高风险相关(P<0.05)。结论贵州省18岁及以上居民糖尿病前期及2型糖尿病患病情况不容乐观,应加强糖尿病早期筛查及患者管理,针对主要影响因素制定防控措施。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and influencing factors in Guizhou Province,and to provide the scientific basis for the formulation of T2DM prevention and treatment strategies. Methods From November to December of 2018,a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 4 849 residents (≥18 years old) from 8 counties(districts) in Guizhou Province as the subjects. The investigation was performed by questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory test. The χ^(2) test and trend χ^(2) test were used to analyze the data. The multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of prediabetes and T2DM. The used software was SPSS 21.0. Results The morbidities of T2DM and prediabetes in residents (≥18 years old) of Guizhou Province were 9.2% and 14.2%,respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high age(compared with 18-44 years old, 45-59 years old OR=2.075,95%CI:1.578-2.728;≥ 60 years old OR=2.570,95%CI:1.943-3.400),hyperuricemia(OR=1.375,95%CI:1.119-1.689),lack of sleep(OR=1.425,95%CI:1.116-1.821),dyslipidemia(OR=1.453,95%CI:1.216-1.736),overweight(OR=1.415,95%CI:1.156-1.733),obesity(OR=2.248,95%CI:1.750-2.887),hypertension(OR=1.946,95%CI:1.586-2.388),excessive daily intake of red meat(OR =1.329,95% CI:1.063-1.660),and fast resting heart rate(OR =2.084,95% CI:1.516-2.864) were related to high risk of T2DM(P<0.05). High age(compared with 18-44 years old,45-59 years old OR=1.504,95%CI:1.208-1.873;≥60 years old OR=1.647,95%CI:1.324-2.049),hyperuricemia(OR=1.246,95%CI:1.024-1.516),overweight(OR=1.257,95%CI:1.051-1.504),obesity(OR=1.434,95%CI:1.125-1.829) were related to high risk of pre-diabetes(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM among residents (≥18 years old) in Guizhou Province was not optimistic. Early diabetes screening and patient management should be strengthened,and effective prevention or control and intervention measures should be formulated for the main influencing factors.