含氯挥发性有机物催化燃烧研究进展

Research advancements on catalytic combustion of chlorinated volatile organic compounds

含氯的挥发性有机化合物(chlorinated volatile organic compounds,CVOCs)应用广泛,但对大气环境污染严重。催化燃烧法具有转化率高,起燃温度低,运行能耗低以及副产物少等优势,是一种消除CVOCs的优势技术。催化燃烧处理CVOCs的催化剂可分为以Pt、Pd和Ru基为主的贵金属催化剂和以过渡金属为主的非贵金属催化剂。Pt、Pd基贵金属催化剂催化活性好,但价格高,对高温和氯中毒敏感。Ru基贵金属催化剂能催化Deacon反应的发生,使Cl从催化剂表面脱除,提高了催化剂的稳定性。过渡金属复合氧化物价格相对低廉,抗中毒性能优良,但活性稍低于贵金属催化剂。还综述了CVOCs的反应、失活机理和再生方式,指出湿空气的加入能使催化剂再生,为催化剂的研究提供了参考。

Chlorinated volatile organic compounds(CVOCs)are widely used,but seriously pollute the atmosphere.Catalytic combustion has the advantages of high conversion,low ignition temperature,low operating energy consumption and few by-products.It is an advantageous technology to eliminate CVOCs.The catalysts for catalytic combustion treatment of CVOCs can be divided into noble metal catalysts based on Pt,Pd and Ru and non-precious metal catalysts based on transition metals.Pt and Pd-based noble metal catalysts have good catalytic activity,however,they are expensive and sensitive to high temp-erature and chlorine poisoning.Ru-based noble metal catalysts can catalyze the occurrence of Deacon reaction and improve the conversion and stability of the catalyst.Transition metal composite oxides are relatively inexpensive,which also have excellent catalytic and anti-poisoning performance for CVOCs,but the activity is lower than metal catalysts.This article also summarizes the reaction,deactivation mechanism and regeneration methods of CVOCs,and points out that the addition of humid air can regenerate the catalyst,which provides a reference for the research of the catalyst.