论《大学衍义补》编纂中的民本思想:内涵、路径和价值

On the People-oriented Thought in The Supplement to the Great Learning:Conception,Approach and Value

丘濬的《大学衍义补》是一部探讨如何"治国平天下",即如何治国理政的学术著作,涉及农业、财税、文教、基建、刑法、外交、国防、公共管理等多个领域的问题。丘濬把民本思想作为全书的编纂指导思想,并在各章节的总论中多次直接、明晰地加以表述。他又借助《尚书·洪范》中的"农用八政"作为全书的编纂简纲,安排各部分的内容,以此表明民本思想和具体内容编纂之间是道与器、一与多、思想指导与具体实践的关系,相辅相成,不可分割。"农用八政"是其民本思想的实践路径。丘濬认为,民本思想是统治者为政的根本,是统治者须时时萦怀并在施政时予以贯彻的思想。丘濬还通过文献征引法为其主张的民本思想寻求历史佐证,表明了以史为鉴的价值。

Qiu Jun’s"The Supplement to the Great Learning"is an academic work on how to"govern the country and level the world",that is,how to govern the country and manage the government.It involves agriculture,finance and taxation,culture and education,infrastructure,criminal law,foreign affairs,national defense,public management and other fields.Qiu Jun took the people-oriented thought as the guiding ideology of the compilation of the whole book,and expressed it directly and clearly many times in the general introduction of each chapter.With the help of"eight agricultural for policies"in Hongfan Shangshu,he arranged the contents of each part of the book,which showed that the relationship between the people-oriented thought and the compilation of specific contents was the relationship between Tao and utensil,one and many,ideological guidance and specific practice."Eight policies for agriculture"is the practical path of his people-oriented thought.Qiu Jun thought that the people-oriented thought is the fundamental of the ruler’s governance,and it is the thought that the ruler should always remember and implement in the governance.Qiu Jun also sought historical evidence for his people-oriented thought through literature citation method,indicating the value of taking history as a mirror.