基于生命周期评价法的铜尾矿资源化利用的环境效益分析

Environmental benefit evaluation of copper tailings resource utilization based on LCA

以铜尾矿为研究对象,运用生命周期评价(LCA)法对铜尾矿堆存以及3种铜尾矿资源化利用方法的环境影响进行比较。结果表明,处理1 t的铜尾矿,方案1:堆存,对环境的主要影响为生态毒性(ET:7.05×10^(-1))和人体毒性(HT:1.467×10^(-7));方案2:铜尾矿代替水泥熟料中的黏土,主要环境影响类型初级能源消耗(PED)降幅高达10.25%;方案3:铜尾矿代替蒸压加气混凝土生产中的砂,全球变暖潜值(GWP)的降低幅度最高,降低了19.51%;方案4:铜尾矿代替泡沫微晶材料生产中的硅质材料,水资源消耗(WU)的降低幅度最高,降低了70.35%。3种资源化利用方案都有不同程度的环境效益。

Taking the copper tailings as the research object,the environmental impact of the conventional treatment of copper tailings and three resource utilization methods of copper tailings were compared by using life cycle assessment(LCA).The main environmental effects of four methods dealing with 1t copper tailings were as follows.Effects of Option 1 with stacking were:ecological toxicity(ET:7.05×10^(-1))and human toxicity(HT:1.467×10^(-7)).Those of Option 2 with copper tailings replacing the clay in cement production were primary energy demand(PED)that decreased by as much as 10.25%.There was the largest drop,19.51%down in the global warming potential(GWP)when Option 3 with copper tailings replacing the sand in autoclaved aerated concrete was used.As for Option 4 with copper tailings replacing the siliceous materials in the foam microcrystalline materials,there was the largest decline,a fall of 70.35%in its water consumption(WU).The three resource utilization schemes had different environmental benefits.